An Ecological Assessment of New York's Home Buyout Program: Exploring Lived Experiences and Implications for Affected Households and Communities

纽约房屋买断计划的生态评估：探索受影响家庭和社区的生活经历和影响

• 批准号: 1536217
• 负责人: Charlene Baker
• 金额: $ 46.86万
• 依托单位: University of Hawaii
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2015
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2015-09-01 至 2019-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1536217&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Ecological; Assessment; New; York; Home

After a natural disaster, residents may find their homes damaged or destroyed. When this happens, they sometimes choose or are forced to permanently move to new communities. In some cases people relocate with help from home buyout programs, which allow homeowners to sell their homes to the state. By moving residents out of areas that are at risk for disasters, buyout programs may improve the safety, health, and well-being of communities. They may also guard against expensive losses from future disasters. But as of now, it is not clear if buyout programs reduce risk or improve the well-being of residents in the long run. There may even be negative consequences for residents who participate in a buyout program. For example, moving away from your community, friends, and family can be stressful, and can have long-term social and health consequences. Because more communities in areas that are at risk for floods, hurricanes, and other disasters will be faced with relocation decisions, it will be important to make the process as effective and efficient as possible. By comparing how residents were affected by a home buyout program in three communities in New York after Hurricane Sandy, this research project will create new knowledge about how home buyout programs impact people and communities over time. Results will be used to develop recommendations for how these programs can protect communities, aid in the recovery process, and make communities more resilient to disasters and other crises. This project will move the field forward by supporting and training students and early career researchers in disaster policy and planning. Results and recommendations will be shared with communities, researchers, and policymakers.Using an ecological, comparative approach, this research project employs mixed-methods to explore processes and impacts related to home buyouts over time and at multiple levels. Residents of three communities with distinctive buyout experiences (one community where most residents chose to accept a buyout, one where most chose to reject a buyout, and one non-participating community adjacent to the relocated community) will be invited to participate. Specifically, this project will examine three key dimensions of the post-disaster home buyout experience: heterogeneity of buyout decision-making within communities, lived experiences of relocation and rebuilding over time, and secondary impacts of buyouts on affected, non-participating households and communities. Participants will be asked to complete in-depth interviews (designed to gather data on the lived experiences and perceived impacts of the buyout or rebuilding process) and surveys (designed to examine indicators related to social capital and place attachment comparatively and longitudinally). Data will be analyzed to examine with whom and in what contexts home buyout programs are beneficial. Results will inform current theory on post-disaster relocation and contribute to the development and implementation of effective buyout policies and programs.

在自然灾害发生后，居民可能会发现他们的房屋受损或被毁。当这种情况发生时，他们有时会选择或被迫永久搬到新的社区。在某些情况下，人们在房屋收购计划的帮助下搬迁，该计划允许房主将房屋出售给国家。通过将居民迁出有灾害风险的地区，买断计划可以改善社区的安全、健康和福祉。他们还可以防范未来灾害造成的昂贵损失。但到目前为止，还不清楚收购计划是否能降低风险或改善居民的长期福祉。甚至可能对参与买断计划的居民产生负面影响。例如，离开你的社区，朋友和家人可能会带来压力，并可能产生长期的社会和健康后果。由于在面临洪水、飓风和其他灾害风险的地区，更多的社区将面临搬迁决定，因此必须使这一过程尽可能有效和高效。通过比较飓风桑迪后纽约三个社区的居民如何受到房屋买断计划的影响，这个研究项目将创造关于房屋买断计划如何随着时间的推移影响人们和社区的新知识。研究结果将用于制定建议，说明这些计划如何保护社区，帮助恢复过程，并使社区更能抵御灾害和其他危机。该项目将通过支持和培训学生和早期职业研究人员在灾害政策和规划领域向前发展。结果和建议将与社区，研究人员和政策制定者分享。使用生态学，比较方法，本研究项目采用混合方法，探索随着时间的推移和多层次的房屋收购相关的过程和影响。三个社区的居民具有独特的收购经验（一个社区，其中大多数居民选择接受收购，一个社区，其中大多数选择拒绝收购，一个非参与社区毗邻搬迁社区）将被邀请参加。具体而言，该项目将研究灾后房屋买断经验的三个关键方面：社区内买断决策的异质性，随着时间的推移搬迁和重建的生活经历，以及买断对受影响的非参与家庭和社区的次级影响。将要求参与者完成深入访谈（旨在收集关于买断或重建过程的实际经历和感知影响的数据）和调查（旨在审查与社会资本有关的指标，并比较和纵向地确定依恋关系）。数据将进行分析，以检查与谁和在什么情况下家庭买断计划是有益的。研究结果将为当前灾后搬迁理论提供信息，并有助于制定和实施有效的买断政策和计划。