Assessing the Viability of Pristine Fossil Corals from the Dominican Republic as Indicators of ENSO at the Miocene/Pliocene Boundary

评估多米尼加共和国原始珊瑚化石作为中新世/上新世边界 ENSO 指标的可行性

基本信息

  • 批准号:
    1536440
  • 负责人:
  • 金额:
    $ 2.15万
  • 依托单位:
  • 依托单位国家:
    美国
  • 项目类别:
    Standard Grant
  • 财政年份:
    2015
  • 资助国家:
    美国
  • 起止时间:
    2015-06-01 至 2017-05-31
  • 项目状态:
    已结题

项目摘要

The El Nino-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) represents the single largest source of interannual climate variability on Earth, and because numerous studies have suggested that ENSO is sensitive to greenhouse warming of the atmosphere and surface ocean, it is critical that we better understand how ENSO may respond over coming decades and centuries. Studies of marine sediments have examined centennial- to millennial-scale dynamics of the mean state of the tropical Pacific, but these results have mostly lacked the temporal resolution necessary to identify variability within the ENSO band (2-7 yr). Corals preserve records of sea surface temperature and upwelling in their annually-banded aragonite skeletons, and thus can be used for spectral frequencies consistent with ENSO. The results of this study will contribute broadly to our understanding of the nature of ENSO during a time period considered the most recent analog for an anthropogenically-warmed world.The research project will generate a roughly half-century-long record of monthly-resolved oxygen and carbon isotopic ratios from a pristine fossil coral from the Gurabo Formation of the Dominican Republic as a test of ENSO variability in the latest Miocene. The record will allow the researchers to test three proposed states of the Pacific during the Miocene: entrenched El Nino conditions, entrenched La Nina conditions, or a modern ENSO pattern. The results may also have implications for modeling of flow through the Central American Seaway (CAS) prior to its final closure. Complete formation of the Central American Isthmus (and closure of the CAS) around 3.5 ma led to pulses of extinction and speciation in both the eastern Pacific and the Caribbean, and may have contributed to Northern Hemisphere glaciation through changes to ocean circulation. However, modeling these effects are limited by the still considerable uncertainties in the nature of flow through the CAS, largely owing to ambiguities surrounding the width of the opening(s) and depth of the sill. An undergraduate student from Cornell College (a small, four-year liberal arts school with no graduate programs) will receive advanced training in paleoclimatology research methods by actively participate in all aspects of this project, including presentation of results at a national meeting.
厄尔尼诺-南方涛动(ENSO)是地球上年际气候变化的最大单一来源,由于许多研究表明,ENSO对大气和海洋表面的温室效应敏感,因此我们必须更好地了解ENSO在未来几十年和几个世纪中可能如何应对。对海洋沉积物的研究审查了热带太平洋平均状态的百年至千年尺度动态,但这些结果大多缺乏确定厄尔尼诺/南方涛动波段(2-7年)内变化所需的时间分辨率。珊瑚在其年带状文石骨架中保存了海面温度和上升流的记录,因此可以用于与ENSO一致的光谱频率。这项研究的结果将广泛地有助于我们理解ENSO的性质,在一个被认为是最近的模拟一个气候变暖的世界的时间段内,该研究项目将产生一个大约半个世纪长的记录,从一个原始的珊瑚化石,从多米尼加共和国的Gurabo形成的氧和碳同位素比率,作为一个测试ENSO的变化,在最新的中新世。这些记录将使研究人员能够测试中新世期间太平洋的三种状态:根深蒂固的厄尔尼诺条件,根深蒂固的拉尼娜条件或现代ENSO模式。结果也可能有影响,通过中美洲海道(CAS)的流动建模之前,其最终关闭。中美洲地峡的完全形成(以及CAS的关闭)在3.5 ma左右导致了东太平洋和加勒比海的物种灭绝和物种形成的脉冲,并可能通过海洋环流的变化促进了北方半球的冰川作用。然而,模拟这些影响受到通过CAS的流动性质的仍然相当大的不确定性的限制,这主要是由于围绕开口的宽度和门槛的深度的不确定性。来自康奈尔大学(一所没有研究生课程的小型四年制文科学校)的本科生将通过积极参与该项目的各个方面来接受古气候学研究方法的高级培训,包括在全国会议上展示结果。

项目成果

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Rhawn Denniston其他文献

Rhawn Denniston的其他文献

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{{ truncateString('Rhawn Denniston', 18)}}的其他基金

RUI: SG: Field and Laboratory Tests of Pyrogenic Organic Compounds in Australian Stalagmites as a Novel, High-Resolution Paleofire Proxy
RUI:SG:澳大利亚石笋中热原有机化合物作为新型高分辨率古火代理的现场和实验室测试
  • 批准号:
    2147186
  • 财政年份:
    2022
  • 资助金额:
    $ 2.15万
  • 项目类别:
    Standard Grant
Collaborative Research: P2C2--Evaluating the Origins of Multidecadal Variability in Late Holocene Indian Summer Monsoon Rainfall in Nepal
合作研究:P2C2——评估尼泊尔全新世晚期印度夏季季风降雨的多年代际变化的起源
  • 批准号:
    2102864
  • 财政年份:
    2021
  • 资助金额:
    $ 2.15万
  • 项目类别:
    Standard Grant
Collaborative Research: P2C2--Bridging the Gap from Northern Iberia to Northwest Africa to Reconstruct Atmospheric Dynamics and Hydroclimate for the Last 2,500 Years
合作研究:P2C2——弥合从伊比利亚北部到非洲西北部的差距,重建过去 2,500 年的大气动力学和水文气候
  • 批准号:
    1804635
  • 财政年份:
    2018
  • 资助金额:
    $ 2.15万
  • 项目类别:
    Standard Grant
EAGER: Development of a High-Resolution, Multi-Century Paleo-Fire Reconstruction from Tropical Australian Stalagmites
EAGER:利用澳大利亚热带石笋进行高分辨率、多世纪古火重建
  • 批准号:
    1812476
  • 财政年份:
    2018
  • 资助金额:
    $ 2.15万
  • 项目类别:
    Standard Grant
Collaborative Research: P2C2--Reconstructing Holocene Dynamics of the Indo-Pacific Tropical Rain Belt using Australian Stalagmites and Coupled Climate Models
合作研究:P2C2——利用澳大利亚石笋和耦合气候模型重建印度洋-太平洋热带雨带全新世动态
  • 批准号:
    1602544
  • 财政年份:
    2016
  • 资助金额:
    $ 2.15万
  • 项目类别:
    Standard Grant
RUI: P2C2--Assessing the Influence of Extreme Rainfall Events on Australian Stalagmite Reconstructions of Tropical Cyclone Landfalls and the Indo-Australian Summer Monsoon
RUI:P2C2——评估极端降雨事件对热带气旋登陆澳大利亚石笋重建和印澳夏季风的影响
  • 批准号:
    1502917
  • 财政年份:
    2015
  • 资助金额:
    $ 2.15万
  • 项目类别:
    Standard Grant
RUI: P2C2--Reconstruction of Recent and Late Holocene Tropical Cyclone Landfalls in Northwestern Australia using Flood Deposits in Aragonite Stalagmites
RUI:P2C2——利用文石石笋中的洪水沉积物重建澳大利亚西北部近期和晚全新世热带气旋登陆
  • 批准号:
    1103413
  • 财政年份:
    2011
  • 资助金额:
    $ 2.15万
  • 项目类别:
    Standard Grant
MRI: Acquisition of an Alpha Spectrometry System for Research and Undergraduate Training in Geology and Environmental Science
MRI:采购阿尔法能谱测量系统,用于地质学和环境科学的研究和本科生培训
  • 批准号:
    0115704
  • 财政年份:
    2001
  • 资助金额:
    $ 2.15万
  • 项目类别:
    Standard Grant
SGER: Collaborative Research: Timing of Late Holocene Changes in Summer Indian Monsoon Intensity as Recorded in Mineralogic Changes in Speleothems, Pokhara Valley, Central Nepal
SGER:合作研究:尼泊尔中部博卡拉山谷洞穴矿物学变化记录的夏季印度季风强度的晚全新世变化时间
  • 批准号:
    0003266
  • 财政年份:
    2000
  • 资助金额:
    $ 2.15万
  • 项目类别:
    Standard Grant

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