Collaborative Research: Investigating the Lost City as an ultramafic urban center of the subseafloor, fueled by energy and carbon from the mantle
合作研究:调查失落之城是海底超镁铁质城市中心,以地幔能量和碳为燃料
基本信息
- 批准号:1536702
- 负责人:
- 金额:$ 27.62万
- 依托单位:
- 依托单位国家:美国
- 项目类别:Standard Grant
- 财政年份:2015
- 资助国家:美国
- 起止时间:2015-09-15 至 2020-08-31
- 项目状态:已结题
- 来源:
- 关键词:
项目摘要
The vast majority of deep seafloor sediments are inhabited by microbial communities that survive under extreme energy limitation, with apparent generation times of centuries to millennia. Hydrothermal systems are a stark contrast to these energy-starved environments and may represent important, high-activity, 'population centers' in the oceanic subsurface. When rocks from the Earth's mantle are uplifted and exposed to water, the resulting reactions lead to acidic fluids with high concentrations of hydrogen. Under certain circumstances, small organic molecules such as methane can also form in the absence of biology. These compounds can provide energy to subseafloor microbial communities and, given the ubiquity of mantle rocks, such reactions may fuel a significant proportion of the active subsurface biosphere. The current project will characterize the microbial communities inhabiting an iconic example of this type of system, the Lost City Hydrothermal Field, using a remotely operated vehicle. The ghostly spires of Lost City are highly telegenic and have been featured in professional documentaries. The high definition underwater video footage collected during the expedition will provide the raw material for an 8 week educational training program in digital media focused on kindergarten through 12th grade high school students and undergraduate students. The resulting short documentaries will be published on YouTube and the Utah Education Network.Mantle rocks comprise significant portions of the seafloor, and microbial communities hosted within them may be important mediators of carbon and energy exchange between the deep Earth and the surface biosphere. Upon tectonic uplift and exposure to water, the serpentinization of these materials releases potential energy in the form of hydrogen, methane, and heat, and further reaction of these products can sustain the abiogenic synthesis of small organic molecules. Recent studies have highlighted, however, the lack of alkalithermophiles that are capable of survival at the high pH (9-11) and elevated temperatures found in these systems. The almost complete lack of carbon dioxide (CO2) represents a second, and possibly more significant, limitation to growth. To better understand the extent of the serpentinite subsurface, this project will address the question: What limits biological activity in the serpentinite subsurface? Specifically, the proposed work will test the hypotheses: (1) microbial diversity spans a wider range of temperature-pH conditions than currently recognized and (2) the scarcity of CO2 is a key biological limitation to serpentinization-driven ecosystems that can be overcome by the metabolic activity of one or a few foundation species. These hypotheses will be tested during a 20 day (10 days on site) expedition to the Lost City Hydrothermal Field, focusing on fluids as windows to the subsurface biosphere. The sampling approach will capitalize on the differences in temperature, carbon availability, and microbial activity across the field. The analytical approach will integrate multidisciplinary techniques performed on replicate subsamples and feature the application of next-generation sequencing technologies to these marine serpentinizing fluids for the first time. This study will generate extensive sequence data from environmental DNA, environmental mRNA, and single-cell genomes, allowing us to identify the in situ expression of metabolic pathways and the genomics of active single cells. These efforts will be closely linked with a thorough characterization of carbon in these fluids that will focus on identifying available substrates (e.g. methane, CO2, organic acids) and on characterizing biomarkers that reflect specific metabolic pathways (e.g. lipids, amino acids).
绝大多数深海海底沉积物都居住着微生物群落,它们在极端的能源限制下生存,显然世代时间为数百年至数千年。热液系统是一个鲜明的对比,这些能源匮乏的环境,并可能代表重要的,高活性,“人口中心”在海洋地下。当来自地幔的岩石被抬升并暴露于水时,所产生的反应导致了具有高浓度氢的酸性流体。在某些情况下,小的有机分子,如甲烷,也可以在没有生物的情况下形成。这些化合物可以为海底下的微生物群落提供能量,鉴于地幔岩石的普遍存在,这种反应可能会为很大一部分活跃的地下生物圈提供燃料。当前的项目将使用远程操作车辆来描述居住在此类系统的标志性例子--迷城热液场的微生物群落的特征。迷城幽灵般的尖塔非常上镜,并曾在专业纪录片中出现。在探险期间收集的高清水下视频片段将为为期8周的数字媒体教育培训计划提供原材料,重点是幼儿园到12年级的高中生和本科生。由此产生的短片纪录片将在YouTube和犹他州教育网上发布。地幔岩构成了海底的重要部分,其中的微生物群落可能是地球深部和表面生物圈之间碳和能量交换的重要媒介。在构造抬升和暴露于水时,这些物质的蛇纹石化以氢、甲烷和热的形式释放势能,这些产物的进一步反应可以维持小有机分子的非生物合成。然而,最近的研究强调了在这些系统中发现的能够在高pH(9-11)和高温下存活的嗜碱热菌的缺乏。几乎完全缺乏二氧化碳(CO2)代表了第二个,可能是更重要的,对增长的限制。为了更好地了解蛇纹岩地下的范围,本项目将解决这样一个问题:是什么限制了蛇纹岩地下的生物活动?具体来说,拟议的工作将测试假设:(1)微生物多样性跨越更广泛的温度-pH值条件比目前公认的和(2)二氧化碳的稀缺性是一个关键的生物限制蛇化驱动的生态系统,可以克服一个或几个基础物种的代谢活动。这些假设将在为期20天(现场10天)的迷城热液场考察期间进行测试,重点是液体作为地下生物圈的窗口。采样方法将利用整个田地的温度、碳可用性和微生物活性的差异。该分析方法将整合对重复子样本进行的多学科技术,并首次将下一代测序技术应用于这些海洋蛇形流体。这项研究将从环境DNA、环境mRNA和单细胞基因组中产生大量的序列数据,使我们能够识别代谢途径的原位表达和活性单细胞的基因组学。这些努力将与这些液体中碳的彻底表征密切相关,重点是识别可用的底物(例如甲烷,CO2,有机酸)和表征反映特定代谢途径的生物标志物(例如脂质,氨基酸)。
项目成果
期刊论文数量(2)
专著数量(0)
科研奖励数量(0)
会议论文数量(0)
专利数量(0)
Hydrothermal Organic Geochemistry (HOG) sampler for deployment on deep-sea submersibles
- DOI:10.1016/j.dsr.2021.103529
- 发表时间:2021-03
- 期刊:
- 影响因子:0
- 作者:S. Lang;Bryan C. Benitez-Nelson
- 通讯作者:S. Lang;Bryan C. Benitez-Nelson
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Susan Lang其他文献
New paradigm for teaching scientific writing in STEM.
STEM 科学写作教学的新范式。
- DOI:
- 发表时间:
2022 - 期刊:
- 影响因子:0
- 作者:
Susan Lang;M. Ibba;K. Musier - 通讯作者:
K. Musier
Differences in the mutational landscape directing targeted therapies for Black and White patients with endometrial cancer (2113)
指导针对黑人和白人子宫内膜癌患者的靶向治疗的突变景观差异(2113)
- DOI:
10.1016/j.ygyno.2023.06.238 - 发表时间:
2023-09-01 - 期刊:
- 影响因子:4.100
- 作者:
Cortney Eakin;Chelsea Stewart;Sahana Somasegar;Susan Lang;Chinmayi Aryasomayajula;David Mysona;Ritu Salani;Chris Argueta;Kathleen Darcy;Chunqiao Tian;Daniel Kapp;John Chan - 通讯作者:
John Chan
Endometrioid compared to non-endometrioid uterine cancer: Which ones have more molecular targets for novel therapies? (1274)
子宫内膜样与非子宫内膜样子宫癌相比:哪些有更多用于新型疗法的分子靶点?(1274)
- DOI:
10.1016/j.ygyno.2023.06.181 - 发表时间:
2023-09-01 - 期刊:
- 影响因子:4.100
- 作者:
Chelsea Stewart;Sahana Somasegar;Cortney Eakin;Susan Lang;Chinmayi Aryasomayajula;David Mysona;Ritu Salani;Chris Argueta;Kathleen Darcy;Chunqiao Tian;Daniel Kapp;John Chan - 通讯作者:
John Chan
P27 Patterns of care and predictors of overall survival in women diagnosed with serous tubal intra-epithelial carcinoma (STIC)
P27 浆液性输卵管上皮内癌(STIC)女性的护理模式和总体生存率预测因子
- DOI:
10.1016/j.ygyno.2023.05.054 - 发表时间:
2023-07-01 - 期刊:
- 影响因子:4.100
- 作者:
Susan Lang;Sarah Crafton;Eirwen Miller;Thomas Krivak;Zachary Horne - 通讯作者:
Zachary Horne
Computer-Assisted Corpus Analysis: An Introduction to Concepts, Processes, and Decisions
计算机辅助语料库分析:概念、过程和决策简介
- DOI:
10.1109/tpc.2022.3228026 - 发表时间:
2023 - 期刊:
- 影响因子:1.7
- 作者:
Susan Lang;D. Buell;N. Elliot - 通讯作者:
N. Elliot
Susan Lang的其他文献
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{{ truncateString('Susan Lang', 18)}}的其他基金
Operation of a National Ocean Sciences Accelerator Mass Spec
国家海洋科学加速器质谱仪的运行
- 批准号:
2244731 - 财政年份:2023
- 资助金额:
$ 27.62万 - 项目类别:
Cooperative Agreement
Collaborative Research: Characterization of Subduction Channel Processes - Borehole Sampling at Active Serpentinite Mud Volcanoes on the Mariana Forearc
合作研究:俯冲通道过程的表征 - 马里亚纳弧前活跃蛇纹岩泥火山的钻孔采样
- 批准号:
2304493 - 财政年份:2022
- 资助金额:
$ 27.62万 - 项目类别:
Continuing Grant
Collaborative Research: Characterization of Subduction Channel Processes - Borehole Sampling at Active Serpentinite Mud Volcanoes on the Mariana Forearc
合作研究:俯冲通道过程的表征 - 马里亚纳弧前活跃蛇纹岩泥火山的钻孔采样
- 批准号:
1921654 - 财政年份:2019
- 资助金额:
$ 27.62万 - 项目类别:
Continuing Grant
Collaborative Research: Investigating the Fate of Carbon at an Ultraslow Spreading Center
合作研究:调查碳在超慢扩散中心的命运
- 批准号:
1801036 - 财政年份:2019
- 资助金额:
$ 27.62万 - 项目类别:
Standard Grant
Operation of A National Ocean Sciences Accelerator Mass Spectrometry Facility at The Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution
伍兹霍尔海洋研究所国家海洋科学加速器质谱设施的运行
- 批准号:
1755125 - 财政年份:2018
- 资助金额:
$ 27.62万 - 项目类别:
Cooperative Agreement
Early Career: Instrument and Technician Support for the Isotopic Analysis of Individual Organic Compounds in the Earth System
早期职业:地球系统中单个有机化合物同位素分析的仪器和技术人员支持
- 批准号:
1349539 - 财政年份:2014
- 资助金额:
$ 27.62万 - 项目类别:
Standard Grant
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