Adaptive Building Skin to Enhance Interior of Buildings

自适应建筑表皮可改善建筑物内部

• 批准号: 1538330
• 负责人: Sigrid Adriaenssens
• 金额: $ 30万
• 依托单位: Princeton University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2015
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2015-09-01 至 2020-02-29
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1538330&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Adaptive; Building; Skin; Enhance; Interior

Operating buildings, for either commercial or residential use, accounts for as much as 41 percent of the energy consumption in the United States of America. Adaptive building skins are active filters between the interior environment and outside weather conditions. These skins are able to respond to changing outdoor weather conditions and indoor operational needs, potentially reducing the energy demand of a building by as much as 51 percent. However, current adaptive building skins rely on mechanical hinges and actuation devices of high construction complexity and life cycle cost. These attributes are obstacles to their broader adoption. Therefore, this project pursues fundamental research underlying the development of lighter, more durable, and, mechanically, less complex adaptive skins. The research on building skins follows plant leaves that change their shape based on weather conditions. Changing skins will produce more energy efficient buildings. This will lead to decreased greenhouse gas emissions, less US dependency on fossil fuels, and improved well-being of individuals in society. For this project, a team spanning the disciplines of civil and mechanical engineering, material science and botany is assembled. This project will have a broad educational impact through the curating of an exhibition at a national museum and providing research experiences at high school, undergraduate and graduate levels and outreach to the K-12 community.Plants utilize elastic properties of their organs to move with minimal energy and maximum effect. The core idea for the research is to interpret, upscale, modify, and tailor elastic deformation mechanisms found in plants to mechanically less complex adaptive building skins. The research hypothesis addresses how the elastic deformation response of these bio-inspired skins can be refined and controlled in time and space through optimized geometric design to follow a trajectory defined by environmental performance criteria. The study will combine experimental and numerical methods. The research tasks are (i) identifying, interpreting and up-scaling elastic kinetics in plant movements for adaptive building skins, (ii) characterizing the elastic deformation response to meet environmental performance requirements and tailoring this response through shape optimization, and (iii) numerical and physical evaluation by constructing and testing full-scale prototypes.

运营中的建筑物，无论是商业用途还是居住用途，占美利坚合众国能源消耗的41%之多。自适应建筑蒙皮是室内环境和外部天气条件之间的主动过滤器。这些皮肤能够对不断变化的室外天气条件和室内运行需求做出反应，潜在地将建筑物的能源需求减少高达51%。然而，目前的适应性建筑蒙皮依赖于机械铰链和驱动装置，结构复杂，生命周期成本高。这些属性是更广泛采用它们的障碍。因此，该项目致力于开发更轻、更耐用、机械上不那么复杂的自适应皮肤的基础研究。这项关于建筑皮肤的研究是根据天气条件改变植物叶子的形状。更换皮肤将产生更节能的建筑。这将减少温室气体排放，减少美国对化石燃料的依赖，并改善社会个人的福祉。为了这个项目，组建了一个跨越土木工程和机械工程、材料科学和植物学学科的团队。这个项目将通过在国家博物馆策划一个展览，提供高中、本科生和研究生水平的研究经验，以及向K-12社区推广，产生广泛的教育影响。植物利用其器官的弹性特性以最小的能量和最大的效果移动。这项研究的核心思想是解释、升级、修改和定制在植物中发现的弹性变形机制，以适应机械上不那么复杂的建筑皮肤。这项研究假设阐述了如何通过优化的几何设计，在时间和空间上细化和控制这些受生物启发的皮肤的弹性变形响应，以遵循环境性能标准定义的轨迹。这项研究将采用实验和数值相结合的方法。研究任务是：(I)识别、解释和放大植物运动中的弹性动力学，以适应建筑皮肤；(Ii)表征弹性变形响应，以满足环境性能要求，并通过形状优化来定制这种响应；以及(Iii)通过构建和测试全尺寸原型来进行数值和物理评估。