Doctoral Dissertation Research: Gender Differences in Experiencing Unemployment

博士论文研究：经历失业的性别差异

• 批准号: 1538951
• 负责人: Annette Lareau
• 金额: $ 1.2万
• 依托单位: University of Pennsylvania
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2015
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2015-07-01 至 2016-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1538951&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Doctoral; Dissertation; Research; Gender; Differences

This dissertation investigates how unemployment shapes gendered inequalities in the family and the labor-force. Qualitative studies of unemployment have focused almost exclusively on men. Even when women have been included in the sample, studies have not analyzed how unemployment likely has different meanings and consequences for the families of men and women because of the different gender roles men and women occupy at home. By conceptualizing unemployment as an event that impacts both men and women in qualitatively different ways, this dissertation seeks to fill this gap. First, how do men and women imbue meaning to their unemployment? Second, if unemployment holds different meanings for men and women, how do they contend with emotional and gendered divisions of labor in the home during unemployment? Third, what are the long-term implications of unemployment for men and women's orientations to the labor force, and does unemployment shape women's decisions to drop out of the labor force? These questions will be answered with data from in-depth interviews with 50 unemployed college-educated, married, heterosexual individuals (25 men and 25 women) who are part of dual-earner couples with children, and family observations with a subset of spouses and children of unemployed respondents. Respondents are recruited from job fairs, professional networking events and churches in the Greater Philadelphia Area. Insights from this study will help organizations and policy makers soften the blow of periods of unemployment and find ways to make transitions back to employment easier.

本文研究失业如何影响家庭和劳动力中的性别不平等。关于失业的定性研究几乎完全集中在男性身上。即使将女性纳入样本，研究也没有分析由于男性和女性在家庭中所扮演的性别角色不同，失业对男性和女性家庭可能产生的不同意义和后果。通过将失业概念化为一种以不同的方式影响男性和女性的事件，本文试图填补这一空白。首先，男性和女性如何为失业注入意义？第二，如果失业对男性和女性有不同的意义，那么在失业期间，他们如何应对家庭中的情感分工和性别分工？第三，失业对男性和女性劳动力取向的长期影响是什么？失业是否影响了女性退出劳动力大军的决定？这些问题的答案将来自对50位受过大学教育的失业已婚异性恋者（25男25女）的深度访谈，以及对失业受访者的配偶和子女的部分家庭观察。受访者来自大费城地区的招聘会、专业社交活动和教堂。这项研究的见解将有助于组织和政策制定者减轻失业时期的打击，并找到更容易过渡到就业的方法。