INSPIRE: Classical Entanglement in Optical Science and Engineering

该INSPIRE项目由MPS/PHY/原子、分子和光学实验物理（实验）、MPS/PHY/分子和光学物理（理论）和ENG/ECCS/电子、光子和磁性器件联合资助，并由MPS多学科活动办公室和综合活动办公室共同资助。该项目涉及光束研究，在电信等领域具有重大进展的巨大潜力。即将进行的研究将包括理论研究和实验室演示。预计的结果包括通信技术的显着简化，这些技术可以通过利用“纠缠”原理来实现，而以前与宏观光束无关。纠缠是指无法相互独立地描述相距较远的粒子的情况（或者，从数学上讲，当整体不等于部分之和时）。该项目的目标是在非量子层面证明纠缠的实用性。非量子纠缠的简单存在很快就被人们所接受。例如，实用性将来自获得使用经典纠缠宏观光束进行通信协议的能力。这将避免与单个光子的生成、管理和注册相关的严格要求。在实践中，低于阈值的二极管激光将提供具有精确经典（热高斯）统计的宏观纠缠光束，并且功率计将提供无需单独光子检测的检测能力。这种组合已经在实验室得到证实。理想的经典特征是能够使用普通实验室设备获得超出两方水平的纠缠，以及在每个部分偏振宏观光束中都存在随机性。正在进行的前期工作已经出现了一种与基于缠结的一夫一妻制不同的三方加性纠缠不等式的新理论描述。量子信息和量子光学领域的双向有益交换似乎是可取且可行的，例如在宏观层面上实现光学多模纠缠交换协议。实验验证将阐明这一新理论在实际应用中的潜在好处。

This INSPIRE project is jointly funded by MPS/PHY/Atomic, Molecular and Optical Experimental Physics (Experimental), MPS/PHY/Molecular and Optical Physics (Theoretical), and ENG/ECCS/Electronic, Photonic and Magnetic Devices with co-funding from the MPS Office of Multidisciplinary Activities and the Office of Integrative Activities.This project involves research on beams of light, with high potential for significant advances in fields such as telecommunication. The research to be done will include theoretical studies as well as laboratory demonstrations. The projected results include dramatic simplifications of communication techniques that can come from exploitation of the principle of "entanglement", previously not associated with macroscopic light beams. Entanglement refers to the situation in which widely separated particles cannot be described independently of each other (or, mathematically, when the whole is not equal to the sum of its parts).The goal of the project is to demonstrate the utility of entanglement at the non-quantum level. The simple existence of non-quantum entanglement is quickly becoming accepted. Utility will come, for example, from acquiring the ability to use classically entangled macroscopic light beams for communications protocols. This will avoid the strict requirements associated with generation and management and registration of individual photons. In practice, below-threshold diode laser light will provide macroscopically entangled light beams with exactly classical (thermal Gaussian) statistics, and power meters will provide detection capability without individual photon detection. This combination has already been demonstrated in the laboratory. Desirable classical features are the ability to obtain entanglement beyond the two-party level with ordinary lab devices, as well as the existence of stochastic randomness, available in every partially polarized macroscopic light beam. A new theoretical description of three-party additive entanglement inequalities, distinct from tangle-based monogamy, has already emerged from ongoing preliminary work. Two-way beneficial exchanges with the fields of quantum information and quantum optics appear desirable and feasible, for example in implementing protocols for optical multi-mode entanglement swapping at the macroscopic level.Experimental verification will elucidate the potential benefits of this new theory in practical applications.