RAPID: The Impact of Racially Traumatic Stressful Events on African Americans' Psychological, Physiological and Political Responses

摘要：本研究旨在探讨黑人种族内差异对其种族创伤性应激事件（rtse）的生理、心理和政治反应的影响。rtse是基于由警察杀害手无寸铁的黑人的视觉图像组成的类似物。PI为理解黑人种族内态度对非裔美国人的政治态度和行为的影响创造了一个全国性的模型。PI创建了两个相互竞争的框架，通过控制种族团结和消极的种族态度和信仰，更好地解释创伤性事件对生理反应的影响。这项研究减少了在非裔美国人政治反应的明确测量中发现的与社会可取性反应相关的偏见。这项研究使用了精英访谈、焦点小组、全国调查和实验室实验来检验种族创伤性压力事件对政治行为的影响是由群体内的种族和/或民族态度决定的这一论点。技术性：本研究的目的是调查黑人种族内差异对他们对种族创伤性压力事件（rtse）的生理、心理和政治反应的影响。rtse是基于由警察杀害手无寸铁的黑人的视觉图像组成的类似物。采用三角测量法收集定性、调查和生理数据。PI创建了两个相互竞争的框架，通过控制种族团结和消极的种族态度和信仰（联系的命运与种族内部差异），更好地解释创伤事件对生理反应的影响。这项研究减少了在非裔美国人政治反应的明确测量中发现的与社会可取性反应相关的偏见。这项研究使用了精英访谈、焦点小组、全国调查和实验室实验来检验种族创伤性压力事件对政治行为的影响是由群体内的种族和/或民族态度决定的这一论点。具体目标是：1)探索对RTSE的反应是偶发的还是社会和政治运动的基础；2)收集精英访谈和调查数据，检验rtse对心理和政治态度的影响；3)采用实验研究设计确定rtss对生理反应的影响；4)探讨积极和消极的显性和隐性种族态度是否有助于减轻或加剧非洲裔美国人的政治态度和政治行为。

General: The purpose of this research is to investigate the effect of intra-racial differences among blacks on their physiological, psychological and political responses to Racially Traumatic Stressful Events (RTSEs). RTSEs are based on analogues consisting of visual imagery of the killings of unarmed blacks by police. The PI creates national model for understanding the effects of black intra-racial attitudes on the political attitudes and behaviors of African Americans. The PI creates two competing frameworks to better explain the impact of traumatic events on physiological responses by controlling for racial solidarity and negative racial attitudes and beliefs. The research diminishes the biases associated with social desirability responses found in explicit measures of the political responses of African Americans. The research uses elite interviews, focus groups, a national survey and a lab experiment to test the contention that the effects of racially traumatic stressful events on political behavior are conditioned by in-group racial and or ethnic attitudes. Technical:The purpose of this research is to investigate the effect of intra-racial differences among blacks on their physiological, psychological and political responses to Racially Traumatic Stressful Events (RTSEs). RTSEs are based on analogues consisting of visual imagery of the killings of unarmed blacks by police. A triangulation method is employed to collect qualitative, survey and physiological data. The PI creates two competing frameworks to better explain the impact of traumatic events on physiological responses by controlling for racial solidarity and negative racial attitudes and beliefs (linked fate versus intra-racial difference). The research diminishes the biases associated with social desirability responses found in explicit measures of the political responses of African Americans. The research uses elite interviews, focus groups, a national survey and a lab experiment to test the contention that the effects of racially traumatic stressful events on political behavior are conditioned by in-group racial and or ethnic attitudes. The specific aims are to: 1) explore whether the response to RTSE are episodic or foundations of social and political movements; 2) collect elite interview and survey data to examine the impact of RTSEs on psychological and political attitudes; 3) determine the impact of RTSEs on physiological responses using an experimental research design and 4) explore whether positive-and-negative explicit-and-implicit racial attitudes help to mitigate or exacerbate the political attitudes and political behaviors of African Americans.