BREAD: Genome-Enabled Platforms for Yam

BREAD：山药基因组平台

• 批准号: 1543888
• 负责人: Kan Wang
• 金额: $ 83.07万
• 依托单位: Iowa State University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2016
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2016-04-01 至 2020-03-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1543888&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: BREAD; Genome; Enabled; Platforms; Yam

Yam is a major source of dietary starch for smallholder farm families in many tropical and sub-tropical countries. Despite its global importance, use of modern genomics tools that can facilitate the fundamental understanding of how to increase yam productivity and nutritional quality has lagged behind that of other major crops. The overall goal of this project is to address this missed opportunity and establish robust genetic and genomic resources for yams. The ultimate beneficiaries of these genome-enabled platforms for crop improvement are the female farmers who depend on yams for their livelihoods. This project will develop effective tools for the fundamental understanding and genetic improvement of yam (Dioscorea rotundata), an important African staple crop. The specific objectives include (1) establishing an efficient genome editing platform using a clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats/CRISPR associated protein 9 (CRISPR/Cas9) based site-directed mutagenesis system; and, (2) producing and characterizing CRISPR/Cas9-mutagenized yam plants. In addition to providing research training of postdoctoral associates and students, the project will develop and organize a two-week study abroad course in cooperation with IITA-Tanzania to provide Iowa State University undergraduate students practical exposure to the needs and opportunities in global agricultural research. The project will also provide short-term laboratory training experience for African female scientists as well as conduct a focused workshop at the International Institute of Tropical Agriculture (IITA-Kenya) to share the latest transformation developments and genome editing protocols with African scientists. All genome-enabled resource for yams, including vectors, methods and plant materials, generated in this project will be distributed through the Iowa State University Center for Plant Transformation and IITA-Kenya.

山药是许多热带和亚热带国家小农家庭膳食淀粉的主要来源。尽管其具有全球重要性，但现代基因组学工具的使用可以促进对如何提高山药产量和营养质量的基本理解，但其落后于其他主要作物。该项目的总体目标是解决这一错失的机会，并为山药建立强大的遗传和基因组资源。这些基因组作物改良平台的最终受益者是以山药为生的女性农民。该项目将开发有效的工具，从根本上了解非洲重要的主食作物-山药，并对其进行遗传改良。具体目标包括（1）使用基于成簇的规则间隔短回文重复序列/CRISPR相关蛋白9（CRISPR/Cas9）的定点诱变系统建立有效的基因组编辑平台;以及（2）产生和表征CRISPR/Cas9诱变的山药植物。 除了为博士后研究员和学生提供研究培训外，该项目还将与IITA-坦桑尼亚合作开发和组织为期两周的海外学习课程，为爱荷华州州立大学的本科生提供全球农业研究需求和机会的实际接触。该项目还将为非洲女科学家提供短期实验室培训经验，并在国际热带农业研究所（IITA-肯尼亚）举办一个重点研讨会，与非洲科学家分享最新的转化发展和基因组编辑协议。 本项目中产生的所有山药基因组资源，包括载体、方法和植物材料，将通过爱荷华州州立大学植物转化中心和IITA肯尼亚分发。