Quantifying Rates of Biological Production to Better Understand the Carbon Cycle in the Canada Basin

量化生物生产力以更好地了解加拿大盆地的碳循环

• 批准号: 1547011
• 负责人: Rachel Stanley
• 金额: $ 9.64万
• 依托单位: Wellesley College
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2015
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2015-05-01 至 2017-05-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1547011&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Quantifying; Rates; Biological; Production; Better

In order to predict the future carbon cycle in a rapidly changing Arctic Ocean, a better understanding of the present-day carbon cycle is needed, and this research will study this with some relatively novel methods. The gas tracers oxygen, argon and triple oxygen isotopes can be used to quantify rates of net community production and gross primary production, respectively. Net community production is defined as photosynthesis minus community respiration and thus reflects the net amount of CO2 taken up by the ?biological pump.? Gross primary production is defined as the total photosynthetic flux. The ratio of net community to gross primary production yields information on how tightly an ecosystem is recycling its carbon. By concurrently measuring rates of net community and gross primary production, this work will study the environmental effects on photosynthesis and respiration, and this should allow a better mechanistic understanding of the processes controlling biological production.This research will use the ratio of O2 to Argon and triple oxygen isotopes to quantify rates of biological production on summertime cruises for three years in the Beaufort Gyre section of the Canada Basin. The main objective of this work is to gain a better understanding of the interplay among biological production, sea ice, and temperature in the Canada Basin. The team will use data collected in 2011 and 2012, collect samples in 2013 and interpret all the data in order to address two hypotheses. The first is that gross primary production increases when summer sea ice extent is smaller but that net community production does not change. In this case there will be no net change in the carbon cycle although production will seem elevated if one uses traditional metrics of chlorophyll or biomass. The second hypothesis is that rates of gross primary production and carbon recycling are higher in regions of actively melting ice, that is in ?ice edge blooms.? These ice edge blooms should have similar rates of net community production to the open water and be responsible for no additional net carbon uptake.Broader Impacts - Professional media designers will produce a short video about changing biological productivity in the Arctic Ocean. This will be shown at the Woods Hole Oceanographic Exhibit Center and on local ferries to Martha?s Vineyard. Additionally, this project will promote education by including opportunities for a graduate student.

为了预测快速变化的北冰洋未来的碳循环，需要更好地了解当今的碳循环，本研究将用一些相对新颖的方法来研究这一问题。气体示踪剂氧、氩和三氧同位素可分别用于量化群落净生产量和总初级生产量的速率。群落净生产量的定义是光合作用减去群落呼吸作用，从而反映了生物泵吸收的二氧化碳净量。总初级生产力被定义为总的光合通量。净群落与初级生产总值的比率提供了关于生态系统碳循环有多紧密的信息。通过同时测量净群落和总初级生产力的速率，这项工作将研究环境对光合作用和呼吸作用的影响，这将使人们从机制上更好地了解控制生物生产的过程。本研究将使用O2/Argon和三重氧同位素的比率来量化加拿大盆地Beaufort Gyre段三年夏季游轮上的生物生产力速率。这项工作的主要目标是更好地了解生物生产、海冰和加拿大盆地温度之间的相互作用。该团队将使用2011年和2012年收集的数据，在2013年收集样本，并解释所有数据，以解决两个假设。第一，当夏季海冰面积较小时，初级生产力总量增加，但群落净生产量不变。在这种情况下，碳循环不会有净变化，尽管如果使用传统的叶绿素或生物量指标，产量似乎会增加。第二个假设是，在冰川融化活跃的地区，即处于冰缘水华的地区，总初级生产力和碳循环的速度更高。这些冰缘水华应该具有与开放水域类似的净群落生产率，并且不会产生额外的净碳吸收。广泛的影响-专业媒体设计师将制作一段关于北冰洋生物生产力变化的短片。这将在伍兹霍尔海洋展览中心和当地前往玛莎？S葡萄园的渡轮上展出。此外，该项目将通过包括研究生的机会来促进教育。