Workshop: Research Challenges in Modeling & Simulation for Engineering Complex Systems; Arlington, Virginia; December 2015

基于计算机的模型和模拟是发达经济体指导复杂系统设计所需的重要技术。例如，城市化程度的提高将需要在未来20年内在全球范围内投资数万亿美元，用于交通、水和能源等城市基础设施的发展。这笔投资的很大一部分需要用来解决人们对美国基础设施老化的担忧。计算机模型和模拟对于指导主要城市的重新设计至关重要，以实现提高对自然和人为灾害的可持续性和复原力。同样，建模和仿真是在航空航天、制造、物流和供应链、电信、计算机和信息系统、医疗保健、国防和国土安全等行业设计复杂系统的关键技术。然而，今天开发和使用可靠的计算机模型和模拟既耗时又昂贵。工程化的系统在复杂性和规模上不断增加。建模和仿真技术的进步对于最大限度地发挥基于计算机的工具的有效性至关重要，以设计未来所需的日益复杂的系统。此外，云计算、新型计算机体系结构、大数据和物联网等最近的技术进步要求在建模和仿真方面取得新的进展，以充分利用这些能力。该项目将召开一次研讨会，将来自不同学科的领先研究人员聚集在一起，确定并阐明最重要、最有影响力的建模和仿真研究问题，以及必须解决的问题，以最大限度地发挥新的建模和仿真技术的影响。研讨会的结果将为未来在建模和仿真方面的研究投资提供信息，并最终使创建更有效、成本更低的工程、复杂系统成为可能。研讨会将讨论建模和仿真中的关键主题领域。将研究概念建模，以确定来自不同学科的个人团队如何最好地创建复杂系统的复杂、可靠的模型。先进的计算方法将研究新计算能力和技术的开发等主题。将讨论管理复杂系统设计中的不确定性的技术和方法。将探索实现和促进模型重用的方法，以加快和降低创建有效计算模型的成本。

Computer-based models and simulations are vital technologies needed in advanced economies to guide the design of complex systems. For example, increased urbanization will necessitate investments of trillions of dollars globally in the next two decades toward the development of urban infrastructures such as transportation, water, and energy. A significant portion of this investment is needed to address concerns regarding the aging infrastructure in the United States. Computer models and simulation are essential to guide this re-design of major cities in order to realize increased sustainability and resilience to natural and human-caused disasters. Similarly, modeling and simulation are essential technologies to design complex systems in industries such as aerospace, manufacturing, logistics and supply chains, telecommunications, computer and information systems, health care, defense, and homeland security, among others. However, the development and use of reliable computer models and simulations is today time consuming and expensive. Engineered systems are continually increasing in complexity and scale. Advances in modeling and simulation technologies are essential to maximize the effectiveness of computer-based tools to engineer the increasingly complex systems needed in the future. Further, recent technological advances such as cloud computing, novel computer architectures, big data, and the Internet of Things necessitate new developments in modeling and simulation to fully exploit these capabilities. This project will convene a workshop that brings together leading researchers from disparate disciplines to identify and articulate the most important, impactful modeling and simulation research problems and questions that must be addressed to maximize the impact of new modeling and simulation technologies. The results of this workshop will inform future research investments in modeling and simulation, and ultimately, enable the creation of more effective and less costly engineered, complex systems.The workshop will address key topical areas in modeling and simulation. Conceptual modeling will be examined to determine how teams of individuals from different disciplines can best create sophisticated, reliable models of complex systems. Advanced computational methods will examine topics such as exploitation of new computing capabilities and technologies. Techniques and methodologies to manage uncertainty in the design of complex systems will be addressed. Approaches to enable and facilitate model reuse will be explored to accelerate and reduce of cost of creating effective computational models.