CAREER: The Evolution of fine-scale recombination landscapes

职业：精细复合景观的演变

• 批准号: 1552040
• 负责人: Nadia Singh
• 金额: $ 124.99万
• 依托单位: North Carolina State University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2016
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2016-08-01 至 2018-02-28
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1552040&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: CAREER; Evolution; fine; scale; recombination

Meiotic recombination is the process by which genetic information is exchanged between paired chromosomes during gamete formation. This exchange is central to reproductive success and the generation of genetic variation, thereby providing the raw material for evolutionary change. If recombination goes awry, gametes can be formed with missing or extra copies of genetic information. Such chromosomal errors are the leading genetic cause of fetal loss, mental impairment, and developmental disability in humans. The number and location of recombination events varies within and among species for largely unknown reasons. This project will examine what determines variation in the frequency and chromosomal region of recombination events. Educational efforts associated with this research provide training in genetics and bioinformatics for students belonging to under-represented groups at different grade levels.One goal of the project is to determine the nature, extent, and genetic basis of intra- and inter-specific variation in the distribution of meiotic recombination events along a chromosome using a combination of classical genetics and next generation sequencing. Computer simulations will be used to determine the consequences of this spatial variation in the distribution of recombination events for patterns of genetic variation within and between species. Finally, bioinformatics approaches will be used to determine how crossover distribution changes in response to natural selection. Broader impacts of this work include training of students and a postdoc, broad dissemination of the results, generating recombination data that will be valuable to the community, and working with the NC Museum of Natural Science to communicate our work to the public.

减数分裂重组是配子形成过程中成对染色体之间交换遗传信息的过程。这种交换是繁殖成功和遗传变异产生的核心，从而为进化变化提供了原材料。如果重组出了差错，配子可能会形成缺失或额外的遗传信息拷贝。这种染色体错误是导致人类胎儿丢失、智力障碍和发育障碍的主要遗传原因。重组事件的数量和位置在物种内和物种间因很大程度上未知的原因而变化。这个项目将研究是什么决定了重组事件的频率和染色体区域的变化。与本研究相关的教育工作为属于不同年级代表性不足群体的学生提供遗传学和生物信息学方面的培训，该项目的一个目标是确定减数分裂重组事件沿着染色体分布的种内和种间变异的性质、程度和遗传基础，同时结合经典遗传学和下一代测序。计算机模拟将用于确定重组事件分布的空间变化对物种内和物种间遗传变异模式的影响。最后，生物信息学的方法将被用来确定如何交叉分布的变化，以应对自然选择。这项工作的更广泛的影响包括学生和博士后的培训，结果的广泛传播，产生重组数据，这将是有价值的社会，并与自然科学的NC博物馆工作，沟通我们的工作向公众。