RAPID: Synergistic Impacts of Corrosive Water and Interrupted Corrosion Control on Chemical/Microbiological Water Quality: Flint, MI

RAPID：腐蚀性水和中断腐蚀控制对化学/微生物水质的协同影响：密歇根州弗林特

• 批准号: 1556258
• 负责人: Marc Edwards
• 金额: $ 5万
• 依托单位: Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2015
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2015-09-15 至 2016-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1556258&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: RAPID; Synergistic; Impacts; Corrosive; Water

1556258EdwardsFlint, MI, is currently suffering from a "perfect storm" attributable to out-of-control corrosion of its aging potable water distribution system. The hypothesis is that these circumstances will also create severe chemical/biological health risks for Flint residents, including elevated levels of lead and opportunistic premise plumbing pathogens in drinking water. Preliminary data collected has revealed extraordinarily high levels of lead, with average concentrations over 20 minutes of water use exceeding 2,000 ppb ( 200 times the World Health Organization allowable levels for lead in potable water).The main objectives of this research are to: 1) compare levels of chlorine, iron, fecal indicator bacteria, opportunistic premise plumbing pathogens, and corrosion-inducing bacteria present in water mains of a distribution system with uncontrolled corrosion (Flint) versus surrounding cities/counties still using non-corrosive water, 2) profile opportunistic premise plumbing pathogens occurrence in hot and cold potable water systems at these same locations, and 3) determine if there is evidence of elevated lead in Flint homes, and, if so, forensically determine the links to iron corrosion in the distribution system. The elements of the "perfect storm" currently include: under-appreciation of the role of corrosion control in sustaining urban potable water systems and increased corrosion due to higher chloride in Flint's new source water. The high rates of corrosion occurring in Flint are releasing high levels of iron to water and consuming chlorine disinfectant, which our most recent laboratory testing has indicated will increase lead release to water and growth of opportunistic premise plumbing pathogens in cold and hot water plumbing systems. The unfortunate but unique opportunity offered by Flint's current situation, provides an ideal opportunity to field test our recent discoveries regarding potentially adverse consequences of iron corrosion on chemical/microbiological water quality at field rather than laboratory scale. The general results and approach used herein can inform residents and managers of other U.S. cities, who will soon be dealing with similar problems associated with failing potable water infrastructure exacerbated by increased chloride in water due to excessive use of road salt and rising sea levels.

1556258Edwardsflint，密歇根州，目前正遭受一场可归因于其老化饮用水系统的控制外腐蚀的“完美风暴”。假设是，这些情况还将为弗林特居民带来严重的化学/生物健康风险，包括饮用水中铅和机会性前提病原体的水平升高。 Preliminary data collected has revealed extraordinarily high levels of lead, with average concentrations over 20 minutes of water use exceeding 2,000 ppb ( 200 times the World Health Organization allowable levels for lead in potable water).The main objectives of this research are to: 1) compare levels of chlorine, iron, fecal indicator bacteria, opportunistic premise plumbing pathogens, and corrosion-inducing bacteria present in water mains of a distribution system with不受控制的腐蚀（火石）与仍在使用非腐蚀性水的城市/县周围的城市/县，2）在这些相同位置的热和冷饮用水系统中发生的机会性前提管道病原体发生，并且3）确定是否有迹象表明在Flint Homes中是否有较高的铅在Flint Homes中升高，如果如此，该链接在该链接中链接到了分配系统中的链接。目前，“完美风暴”的要素包括：腐蚀控制在维持城市饮用水系统中的作用不足，以及由于弗林特新源水中氯化物较高而增加的腐蚀。火石中发生的高腐蚀发生率是将高水平的铁释放到水中，并消耗氯消毒剂，我们最近的实验室测试表明，在冷和热水管道系统中，这将增加铅释放和机会性前提管道病原体的生长。弗林特当前情况提供的不幸但独特的机会为现场测试了我们最近发现的有关铁腐蚀对化学/微生物水质在现场而不是实验室规模的潜在不利后果的发现。此处使用的一般结果和方法可以告知其他美国城市的居民和经理，他们很快将处理与饮用水基础设施失败有关的类似问题，由于过度使用道路盐和海平面上升而导致水中氯化物的增加加剧。