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RUI: Collaborative Research: Genetic variation as a driver of host and symbiont response to increased temperature on coral reefs

RUI：合作研究：遗传变异作为宿主和共生体对珊瑚礁温度升高反应的驱动因素

基本信息

批准号：
1559105
负责人：
Casey terHorst
金额：
$ 42.28万
依托单位：
The University Corporation, Northridge
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
Standard Grant
财政年份：
2016
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2016-04-01 至 2022-08-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1559105&HistoricalAwards=false
关键词：
RUI Collaborative Research Genetic variation

项目摘要

On coral reefs, mutualisms with single celled algae (Symbiodinium) and reef species literally and figuratively form the foundation of reef ecosystems. Coral reefs are among the most threatened ecosystems under a changing climate and are rapidly declining due to increasing levels of environmental stress, namely increased temperatures. Climate change is resulting in even warmer ocean temperatures that threaten associations between Symbiodinium and their hosts. In this project the investigators examine the genetic diversity of Symbiodinium and the potential for this important species to evolve in response to temperature. The project will also address whether the ecological and evolutionary dynamics of the Symbiodinium population affect the performance of their host. If so, this suggests that the evolution of microscopic organisms with short generation times could confer adaptation to longer-lived host species on ecologically and economically vital coral reefs. Given that diversity is already being lost on many reefs, considering how evolutionary changes in Symbiodinium will affect reef species is crucial for predicting the responses of reefs to future climate change. This project provides training for two graduate students and several undergraduates at a Hispanic-serving institution. This work includes outreach to the students and the general public through the Aquarium of Niagara, local K-12 schools, and web-based education modules. The effects of evolution on contemporary ecological processes are at the forefront of research in evolutionary ecology. This project will answer the call for experiments elucidating the effects of genetic variation in Symbiodinium performance and the effect on the response of the holobiont (host and symbiont) to increased temperature. These experiments examine the effects of temperature through both ecological and evolutionary mechanisms and will determine the relative importance of adaptation and acclimatization in replicated experimental populations. The investigators will examine how genetic variation within a species (Symbiodinium antillogorgium) affects symbiont performance in culture and in the host and how this affects the response of the holobiont to increased temperature. Further, the project examines whether holobiont response to increased temperature associated with climate change depends on particular GxG host-symbiont combinations. Moreover, the investigators will examine the effects of symbiont history on mutualist hosts, which have been largely ignored in eco-evolutionary studies. These experiments provide a first step in predicting whether invertebrate hosts on coral reefs will respond to global change via adaptation of their symbionts.

在珊瑚礁上，单细胞藻类（共生藻）和珊瑚礁物种的互利共生从字面上和比喻上形成了珊瑚礁生态系统的基础。珊瑚礁是气候变化下最受威胁的生态系统之一，由于环境压力的增加，即温度升高，珊瑚礁正在迅速减少。气候变化导致海洋温度更高，威胁到共生藻与宿主之间的联系。在这个项目中，研究人员研究了共生藻的遗传多样性，以及这个重要物种对温度反应的潜力。该项目还将解决共生藻种群的生态和进化动力学是否会影响其宿主的性能。如果是这样的话，这表明具有较短世代时间的微生物的进化可以使具有生态和经济重要性的珊瑚礁适应寿命较长的宿主物种。鉴于许多珊瑚礁的多样性已经丧失，考虑共生藻的进化变化将如何影响珊瑚礁物种对于预测珊瑚礁对未来气候变化的反应至关重要。该项目在一个西班牙裔服务机构为两名研究生和几名本科生提供培训。这项工作包括通过尼亚加拉水族馆、当地K-12学校和基于网络的教育模块向学生和公众进行宣传。进化对当代生态过程的影响是进化生态学研究的前沿。该项目将响应实验的要求，阐明遗传变异对共生藻性能的影响以及对全生物（宿主和共生体）对温度升高的反应的影响。这些实验通过生态和进化机制研究温度的影响，并将确定在复制的实验种群的适应和驯化的相对重要性。研究人员将研究一个物种（Symbiodinium antillogorgium）内的遗传变异如何影响共生体在培养物和宿主中的表现，以及这如何影响全生物对温度升高的反应。此外，该项目还研究了全生生物对与气候变化相关的温度升高的反应是否取决于特定的GxG宿主共生体组合。此外，研究人员还将研究共生体历史对互惠宿主的影响，这在生态进化研究中基本上被忽视了。这些实验为预测珊瑚礁上的无脊椎动物宿主是否会通过适应其共生体来应对全球变化提供了第一步。