Collaborative Research: ABI Development: HydroClim: Empowering aquatic research in North America with data from high-resolution streamflow and water temperature GIS modeling

合作研究：ABI 开发：HydroClim：利用高分辨率水流和水温 GIS 建模数据增强北美水生研究的能力

• 批准号: 1564727
• 负责人: Henry Bart
• 金额: $ 43.83万
• 依托单位: Tulane University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2016
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2016-07-01 至 2022-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1564727&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; Research; ABI; Development; HydroClim

The clean water provided by aquatic systems is fundamentally important to humans. These systems also sustain biodiversity and provide support for basic ecological processes as well as important economic and recreational activities. Nevertheless, freshwater systems are heavily impacted by human actions that are having significant detrimental effects on water quality, increasing water temperatures, altering seasonal river and stream flows, and subsequently impacting freshwater biodiversity. Projected changes in air temperature and precipitation in the coming century are expected to further impact water resources and the biodiversity dependent on these systems, yet basic data describing variation in streamflow and water temperature across North America are not available. This project will address this issue by generating the "HydroClim" dataset, which will provide monthly streamflow and water temperature predictions for stream sections in all major watersheds across the United States and Canada from 1950-2099. This work will produce the first dataset on freshwater resources in North America of this scope and resolution. These data will provide a vast array of benefits to the public in terms of greater understanding of water resources in the coming century as well as numerous training opportunities directed at developing a large and interactive group of scientists focusing on the conservation of water resources and freshwater biodiversity in the United States and Canada. The primary goal of this project is to develop and distribute "HydroClim", a data set characterizing contemporary and future streamflows and water temperatures in individual stream sections in all major watersheds across the United States and Canada. These data will be generated on high-performance computing systems using multiple Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) hydrologic models linked with a water temperature model. The SWAT hydrologic and water temperature models will be generated using contemporary air temperature and precipitation data as well as future climate data from multiple Global Climate Model scenarios to produce monthly estimates of streamflow volume and water temperature for the years 1950-2099. These data will also be integrated with FishNet 2 (www.fishnet2.net), an established data portal that provides scientists, government agencies, resource managers, and the general public free and open access to occurrences of over 4.1 million species lots of freshwater fishes, globally, and over 2 million lots for the United States and Canada, thus allowing for the characterization of the habitat requirements of freshwater species in this region. Results from these efforts will also allow for examination of the sensitivity of streams throughout the United States and Canada to changes in climate, thus providing a greater understanding of the factors regulating water resources as well as the distribution of freshwater biodiversity both now and in the coming century. The HydroClim data and results of this project will be available online at www.hydroclim.org.

水生系统提供的清洁水对人类至关重要。这些系统还维持生物多样性，并为基本生态过程以及重要的经济和娱乐活动提供支持。然而，淡水系统受到人类行动的严重影响，这些行动对水质，水温升高，改变季节性河流和溪流流动以及随后影响淡水生物多样性产生重大不利影响。预计未来世纪空气温度和降水的预计变化将进一步影响水资源，并取决于这些系统的生物多样性，但是尚无北美流量和水温变化的基本数据。该项目将通过生成“ Hydroclim”数据集来解决此问题，该数据集将对1950 - 2099年美国和加拿大所有主要分水岭的流群提供每月的流量和水温预测。这项工作将在此范围和解决方案的北美生产第一个关于淡水资源的数据集。这些数据将在未来世纪对水资源的更多了解以及致力于开发一个专注于保护水资源和美国和加拿大淡水生物多样性的大量互动式科学家的众多培训机会，为公众提供大量的好处。该项目的主要目的是开发和分发“ Hydroclim”，该数据集描述了当代和未来的流流以及美国和加拿大所有主要流域的各个溪流部分中的水温和水温。这些数据将使用与水温模型相关的多个土壤和水评估工具（SWAT）的水文模型在高性能计算系统上生成。 SWAT水文和水温模型将使用现代空气温度和降水数据以及未来的气候数据以及从多个全球气候模型场景中的未来气候数据产生，以每月对1950 - 2099年的水流体积和水温进行月度估计。这些数据还将与Fishnet 2（www.fishnet2.net）集成，该数据门户网站为科学家，政府机构，资源经理以及公众的自由和开放式出现，全球超过410万种淡水鱼类的出现，并为美国和加拿大提供了超过200万种批次，从而使该领域的习惯化了新鲜的习惯。这些努力的结果还将允许研究整个美国和加拿大气候变化的溪流的敏感性，从而更加了解有关水资源的因素以及现在和下个世纪的淡水生物多样性的分布。该项目的Hydroclim数据和结果将在www.hydroclim.org上在线获取。