RAPID: Illapel Earthquake and Tsunami - Environmental Impacts on the North Central Chile Coast

RAPID：伊拉佩尔地震和海啸 - 对智利中北部海岸的环境影响

• 批准号: 1566253
• 负责人: Tina Dura
• 金额: $ 1.78万
• 依托单位: Rutgers University New Brunswick
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2015
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2015-12-01 至 2016-11-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1566253&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: RAPID; Illapel; Earthquake; Tsunami; Environmental

On September 16, 2015 a Mw8.3 earthquake and accompanying tsunami struck the coast of north-central Chile. This rapid response project documents the geomorphic impacts of the event by collecting perishable physical data, which is being rapidly lost due to post-earthquake reconstruction and post-depositional change. The project enables comparison of the 2015 Illapel event with paleoearthquakes and tsunamis discovered during previous NSF-funded fieldwork in north-central Chile. Rapidly dispatched survey teams will collect data from the Illapel earthquake and tsunami from existing and new study sites. The field, laboratory, and modeling research will: (1) assess co-seismic and post-seismic land-level change; (2) investigate sedimentary deposits and geomorphic impacts of the tsunami; and (3) compare model simulations of the 2015 tsunami to run-up measurements and surveying data.Despite the frequency of earthquakes and tsunamis in north-central Chile, very few studies have been directed at the geologic impacts of historical and prehistoric events. Geologic records of earthquakes and tsunamis can expand the range of events available for study, thereby improving the understanding of subduction zone hazards. The 2015 Illapel earthquake and tsunami provide an invaluable opportunity to examine the nature of co-seismic land-level change and tsunami evidence in this region. The project advances desired societal outcomes through full participation of women in STEM through support of an early career female PI and her female collaborators, improved well-being of individuals in society through a better understanding of tsunami hazards in Chile, development of a diverse, globally competitive STEM workforce through post-doctoral researcher and student training and increased partnerships between academia and government researchers as well as a strong international collaboration. The Earth Sciences Division Deep Earth Processes Section and the Office of International Science and Engineering support the project.

2015 年 9 月 16 日，智利中北部海岸发生 Mw8.3 地震和随之而来的海啸。该快速响应项目通过收集易腐烂的物理数据来记录事件的地貌影响，这些数据由于震后重建和沉积后变化而迅速丢失。该项目能够将 2015 年伊拉佩尔事件与之前由 NSF 资助的智利中北部实地考察期间发现的古地震和海啸进行比较。快速派遣的调查小组将从现有和新的研究地点收集伊拉佩尔地震和海啸的数据。现场、实验室和建模研究将： (1) 评估同震和震后土地平面变化； (2) 调查海啸的沉积物和地貌影响； (3) 将 2015 年海啸的模型模拟与预备测量和测量数据进行比较。尽管智利中北部地震和海啸频繁发生，但针对历史和史前事件的地质影响的研究却很少。地震和海啸的地质记录可以扩大可研究的事件范围，从而提高对俯冲带灾害的了解。 2015 年伊拉佩尔地震和海啸为研究该地区同震地面变化的性质和海啸证据提供了宝贵的机会。该项目通过支持早期职业女性 PI 及其女性合作者，让女性充分参与 STEM，通过更好地了解智利海啸灾害来改善社会个人的福祉，通过博士后研究员和学生培训培养多元化的、具有全球竞争力的 STEM 劳动力，以及加强学术界和政府研究人员之间的伙伴关系以及强有力的国际合作，从而推动实现预期的社会成果。地球科学部地球深部过程科和国际科学与工程办公室支持该项目。