RAPID: An Integrated Study of Post-fire Wind and Water Erosion in Western Rangelands

RAPID：西部牧场火灾后风和水侵蚀的综合研究

• 批准号: 1600816
• 负责人: Jennifer Pierce
• 金额: $ 4.67万
• 依托单位: Boise State University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2015
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2015-12-01 至 2017-11-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1600816&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: RAPID; Integrated; Study; Post; fire

ABSTRACTA non-technical description of the project, which explains the project's significance and importanceThe environmental and human costs of wildfires in the western United States are great and they are increasing as populations grow into areas farther away from urban centers. These fires affect the landscape in many ways, including an increase in erosion by both wind and water. This project will take advantage of an existing monitoring network, the Reynolds Creek Critical Zone Observatory, to examine dust generation and erosion rates following the Soda fire in southwestern Idaho in August, 2015. These new data can be compared to the pre-storm measurements in order to evaluate the extent of fire effects on the land surface that can be generalized to many other fire-prone regions. A technical description of the projectThis RAPID project will integrate the influence of post- fire wind and water erosion following a large rangeland fire on the Idaho-Oregon border. The Soda fire recently burned over 280,000 acres of rangelands along the Oregon Idaho border, including ~25% of the watershed in the Reynolds Creek Critical Zone Observatory (CZO). Smoke and dust from this fire produced dust storms and hazardous air quality conditions for Boise and other regional communities. Further erosion by both wind and water is expected to increase in the coming months. The research will measure post-fire erosion of sediment and carbon in this watershed. An extensive array of monitoring equipment at the Reynolds Creek Experimental Watershed, plus ongoing synergistic studies with federal collaborators, provide an opportunity to examine the dual roles of wind and water in generating post-fire erosion from the hillslope to the regional scale.

摘要 该项目的非技术性描述，解释了该项目的意义和重要性美国西部野火的环境和人员损失巨大，并且随着人口增长到远离城市中心的地区，这些损失正在增加。这些火灾以多种方式影响景观，包括增加风和水的侵蚀。该项目将利用现有的监测网络——雷诺兹溪关键区域观测站，来检查 2015 年 8 月爱达荷州西南部苏打火灾后的粉尘产生和侵蚀率。这些新数据可以与风暴前的测量结果进行比较，以评估火灾对地表的影响程度，从而可以推广到许多其他火灾多发地区。 项目的技术描述 该 RAPID 项目将整合爱达荷州和俄勒冈州边境大规模牧场火灾后风和水侵蚀的影响。 苏打火灾最近烧毁了俄勒冈州爱达荷州边境沿线超过 280,000 英亩的牧场，其中包括雷诺兹溪关键区域天文台 (CZO) 约 25% 的流域。这场火灾产生的烟雾和灰尘给博伊西和其他地区社区带来了沙尘暴和有害的空气质量状况。预计未来几个月，风和水的进一步侵蚀将会加剧。该研究将测量该流域的火灾后沉积物和碳的侵蚀。雷诺兹溪实验流域的大量监测设备，加上与联邦合作者正在进行的协同研究，提供了一个机会来研究风和水在从山坡到区域范围内产生火灾后侵蚀的双重作用。