Evaluating the Influence of Ecoroof Surfaces on Indoor Air Quality

1605843 Starry，Olyssa美国人90%的时间都在建筑物中度过，导致空气污染的暴露主要取决于室内空气质量。室内空气质量的一个关键决定因素是室内空间与外部空气的通风。建筑物通风率的提高与居住者健康、满意度和生产力的改善相关。然而，通过增加通风改善室内空气质量最终取决于室外空气质量。生态屋顶是一个越来越受欢迎的战略，以提高建筑物的可持续性，导致植被建筑表面，可能在接近建筑物？室外空气供应（通常是屋顶）。虽然空气质量模型表明生态屋顶可以从城市大气中去除大量的空气污染物，但还没有实证研究调查生态屋顶如何影响同一建筑物的室内空气质量。生态屋顶的城市空气质量研究通常只考虑空气污染物的沉积，然而，植被优先排放挥发性化合物，这些化合物可能会降低室内空气质量或参与二次化学反应，导致形成刺激性或有害的空气污染物。因此，有必要严格和全面地评估源，汇和转化的空气污染物在植被生态屋顶表面。研究生态屋顶如何影响室内空气质量，对于开发更可持续的建筑设计和确定增强城市环境可持续性的协同机会至关重要。本研究将探讨生态屋顶对室内空气质量的影响，采用整体方法解决两个基本但相互关联的研究问题：1）建筑屋顶的设计如何影响空气污染物的沉积，处理和排放？2）生态屋顶如何影响室内空气质量？该项目将结合广泛和创新的数据收集，整合生态学，生物学和建筑科学的方法来解决这些问题。具体调查将包括对俄勒冈州波特兰的48个屋顶表面进行广泛的实地调查，在一个具有双生态屋顶/白色膜屋顶的商业设施进行密集的空气质量监测研究，以及实验室规模的实验室调查。现场测量和实验室参数化将用于统计模型和物质平衡，以解释城市环境，生态屋顶和室内空气质量之间的关系。该项目将提供数据，从而提高对生态屋顶-室内空气质量相互作用的理解。该项目的数据，参数化和模型将通过将室内空气质量影响纳入生态屋顶和城市绿地设计来为建筑可持续性实践提供信息。研究结果将有助于确定改善室内空气质量和减少人类暴露于空气污染物的机会。该项目将与波特兰市和当地的绿色屋顶信息智囊团（GRIT）密切合作，让社区参与这项工作，并向公众和行业传播成果。

1605843 Starry, OlyssaAmericans spend 90% of their time in buildings, resulting in exposures to air pollution being largely dictated by indoor air quality. One key determinant of indoor air quality is ventilation of indoor spaces with outside air. Increased rates of building ventilation have been correlated with improved occupant health, satisfaction, and productivity. However, improved indoor air quality, from increased ventilation, is ultimately contingent on the quality of outdoor air. Ecoroofs are an increasingly popular strategy for improving building sustainability that result in vegetated building surfaces that may be in close proximity to a building?s outdoor air supply (often rooftop). While air quality models indicate that ecoroofs may remove substantial quantities of air pollutants from urban atmospheres, no empirical studies are known that investigate how an ecoroof may affect the indoor air quality of the same building. Urban air quality studies of ecoroofs typically consider only deposition of air pollutants, however, there is precedence for vegetation to emit volatile compounds that may degrade indoor air quality or participate in secondary chemistries which results in the formation of irritating or harmful air pollutants. Therefore, there is a need to critically and holistically evaluate source, sink, and transformations of air pollutants at vegetated ecoroof surfaces. Examining how ecoroofs may impact indoor air quality is critical for developing more sustainable building designs and for identifying synergistic opportunities to enhance the sustainability of the urban environment. This research will investigate the effects of ecoroofs on indoor air quality with a holistic approach that addresses two fundamental, yet interrelated research questions: 1) How does the design of a building rooftop affect deposition, processing, and emissions of air pollutants? and 2) How might ecoroofs affect indoor air quality? This project will address these questions with a combination of extensive and innovative data collection that integrates ecology, biology, and building science approaches. Specific investigations will include a broad field survey of 48 roof surfaces in Portland, OR, an intensive air quality monitoring study at a commercial facility with a dual ecoroof/white membrane roof, and bench-scale laboratory investigations. Field measurements and laboratory parameterizations will be used in statistical models and material balances to explain relationships between the urban environment, ecoroofs, and indoor air quality. This project will provide data that leads to an improved understanding of ecoroof-indoor air quality interactions. The data, parameterizations, and models from this project will inform building sustainability practices by enabling indoor air quality impacts to be integrated into ecoroof and urban green-surface design. Study outcomes will help identify opportunities to improve indoor air quality and reduce human exposure to air pollutants. The project will work closely with the City of Portland and the local Greenroof Information Thinktank (GRIT) to engage the community in this work and disseminate results to the public as well as industry.