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Probing Nuclear Structure with Fast Neutrons

用快中子探测核结构

基本信息

批准号：
1606890
负责人：
Steven Yates
金额：
$ 88万
依托单位：
University of Kentucky Research Foundation
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
Continuing Grant
财政年份：
2016
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2016-07-01 至 2020-06-30
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1606890&HistoricalAwards=false
关键词：
Probing Nuclear Structure Fast Neutrons

项目摘要

Atomic nuclei are composed of protons and neutrons and exhibit a variety of shapes. Some nuclei are spherical, while others have non-spherical shapes (similar to an onion, a zucchini, or a pear); the shape of the nucleus is unique for each isotope of each element. Because we cannot take an ordinary photograph of the nucleus to investigate its shape and structure, other methods must be employed. Through reactions at the University of Kentucky particle accelerator, neutrons are produced and then scattered from the nucleus. In the process, the nucleus gains and subsequently releases energy that can be detected. This information is used to deduce the shape of the nucleus and to gain an understanding of how the neutrons and protons in the nucleus contribute to its properties. Graduates of this research program receive hands-on experience with particle accelerator operation, nuclear science instrumentation, radiation detection, and data acquisition systems, and emerge as well-trained nuclear scientists who are capable of important contributions to our national needs. The broad-based research program at the University of Kentucky Accelerator Laboratory includes studies in several forefront areas: nuclear structure relevant to neutrinoless double-beta decay; nuclei undergoing shape transitions; deformed structures and shape coexistence; nuclear structure contributions in support of searches for fundamental symmetries. In this research, the inelastic scattering of fast neutrons is used to examine low-energy collective nuclear excitations and to obtain information, e.g., level lifetimes and transition multipole mixing ratios for non-yrast states, which is inaccessible with other reactions. Detailed investigations of stable nuclei complement advances in nuclear structure achieved by studying nuclei at extreme conditions of temperature and angular momentum or in regions far from stability. Experimental innovations in the laboratory, e.g., the development of capabilities for measuring lifetimes in heavy nuclei, have played a key role in this research. These advances, coupled with the unique capabilities of this laboratory for the production of high-quality, time-bunched monoenergetic neutrons, probe important questions and make meaningful contributions to our knowledge of nuclear structure.

原子核由质子和中子组成，呈现出各种形状。有些核是球形的，而另一些则是非球形的(类似于洋葱、西葫芦或梨)；对于每种元素的每种同位素，核的形状都是唯一的。因为我们不能用一张普通的原子核照片来研究它的形状和结构，所以必须使用其他方法。通过肯塔基大学粒子加速器的反应，产生中子，然后从原子核散射。在这个过程中，原子核获得并随后释放出可被检测到的能量。这些信息被用来推断原子核的形状，并了解原子核中的中子和质子是如何影响其性质的。这一研究项目的毕业生将获得粒子加速器操作、核科学仪器、辐射探测和数据采集系统的实践经验，并成为训练有素的核科学家，能够为我们的国家需求做出重要贡献。肯塔基大学加速器实验室的这项基础广泛的研究计划包括几个前沿领域的研究：与无中微子双β衰变相关的核结构；正在经历形状转变的核；变形结构和形状共存；支持基本对称性搜索的核结构贡献。在这项研究中，快中子的非弹性散射被用来研究低能集体核激发，并获得非yrast态的能级寿命和跃迁多极混合比等信息，这些信息是其他反应无法获得的。对稳定核的详细研究补充了在极端温度和角动量条件下或在远离稳定区域的核研究中所取得的核结构方面的进展。实验室中的实验创新，例如发展测量重原子核寿命的能力，在这项研究中发挥了关键作用。这些进展，再加上这个实验室生产高质量、时间集束的单能中子的独特能力，探索了重要的问题，并对我们的核结构知识做出了有意义的贡献。

项目成果

期刊论文数量（4）

专著数量（0）

科研奖励数量（0）

会议论文数量（0）

专利数量（0）

Inelastic neutron scattering studies of Se76

Se76 的非弹性中子散射研究

DOI：
10.1103/physrevc.99.014313
发表时间：
2019
期刊：
Physical Review C
影响因子：
3.1
作者：
Mukhopadhyay, S.;Crider, B. P.;Brown, B. A.;Chakraborty, A.;Kumar, A.;McEllistrem, M. T.;Peters, E. E.;Prados-Estévez, F. M.;Yates, S. W.
通讯作者：
Yates, S. W.

Emerging collectivity from the nuclear structure of Xe132 : Inelastic neutron scattering studies and shell-model calculations

Xe132 核结构的新兴集体：非弹性中子散射研究和壳模型计算

DOI：
10.1103/physrevc.99.064321
发表时间：
2019
期刊：
Physical Review C
影响因子：
3.1
作者：
Peters, E. E.;Stuchbery, A. E.;Chakraborty, A.;Crider, B. P.;Ashley, S. F.;Kumar, A.;McEllistrem, M. T.;Prados-Estévez, F. M.;Yates, S. W.
通讯作者：
Yates, S. W.

E0 transition strength in stable Ni isotopes

稳定 Ni 同位素中的 E0 转变强度

DOI：
10.1103/physrevc.99.024306
发表时间：
2019
期刊：
Physical Review C
影响因子：
3.1
作者：
Evitts, L. J.;Garnsworthy, A. B.;Kibédi, T.;Smallcombe, J.;Reed, M. W.;Stuchbery, A. E.;Lane, G. J.;Eriksen, T. K.;Akber, A.;Alshahrani, B.
通讯作者：
Alshahrani, B.

Collectivity of the 2p-2h proton intruder band of Sn116

Sn116 2p-2h质子入侵带的集体

DOI：
10.1103/physrevc.99.024303
发表时间：
2019
期刊：
Physical Review C
影响因子：
3.1
作者：
Petrache, C. M.;Régis, J. -M.;Andreoiu, C.;Spieker, M.;Michelagnoli, C.;Garrett, P. E.;Astier, A.;Dupont, E.;Garcia, F.;Guo, S.
通讯作者：
Guo, S.