An Integrated Approach Combining Compositional, Interfacial Material Engineering, and Characterization to Investigate the Complex Hysteresis Instability in Perovskite Solar Cells

非技术描述：大规模部署光电子器件需要在柔性衬底上制造可靠器件的解决方案，这些器件具有经济实惠和可扩展的工艺。该项目旨在解决影响新兴钙钛矿光致发光材料稳定电输出和寿命的复杂可靠性问题。该提案所涉及的跨学科研究同时解决了可扩展性挑战和下一代光化学的技术翻译。拟议的研究有可能通过开发可持续能源生产的使能技术以及对各级学生和社区成员的教育产生重大的社会影响。通过研究生导师和推广，该项目提高了对可持续能源发电，材料设计和光伏器件工程的基本理解，使本科生，K-12学生和社区教育。通过与清洁能源研究所、华盛顿大学MSE部门和大学合作，它有助于扩大社区影响力，并将研究生培养为科学、教育和技术翻译方面的高能力领导者。技术描述：拟议的研究使用一种独特的集成方法来设计合适的材料和器件界面，以直接解决钙钛矿太阳能电池的滞后问题，这是可能阻碍钙钛矿太阳能技术大规模应用的最重要挑战之一。为了解决具有挑战性和复杂的滞后问题，所提出的研究（1）调查滞后背后的起源和机制，同时在钙钛矿本体和界面处解决它们，（2）通过制造具有新合金元素如铋的新型钙钛矿固溶体来修改固有的混合钙钛矿性质，以及（3）增强了对钙钛矿器件滞后以及控制它的材料和界面结构-性质关系的基本理解。系统的方法首先需要建立基本的材料和界面结构-通过模型系统的性能关系，然后实施这些设计规则，以实现具有很少或没有滞后的高效和可靠的钙钛矿太阳能电池。低温、溶液可加工材料的应用使得能够容易地转化为柔性基板，用于制造大面积和稳定的钙钛矿太阳能电池。

Nontechnical Description: The large-scale deployment of photovoltaics requires solutions for reliable devices fabricated on flexible substrates with affordable and scalable processes. This project aims at addressing complex reliability issues that affect stable electrical output and lifetime of emerging perovskite photovoltaics. The interdisciplinary research entailed in this proposal simultaneously addresses the scalability challenge and the technological translation for next generation photovoltaics. The proposed research has a potential for significant societal impact through the development of enabling technology for sustainable energy generation and the education of students and community members at all levels. Through graduate student mentorship and outreach, this project enhances fundamental understanding of sustainable energy generation, materials design, and photovoltaic device engineering to enable undergraduates, K-12 students, and community education. By collaborating with the Clean Energy Institute, the UW MSE department, and the university, it helps broaden community impact and train graduate students to be highly capable leaders in science, education, and technology translation.Technical Description: The proposed research uses a unique, integrated approach to design suitable materials and device interfaces to directly address perovskite solar cell hysteresis, one of the most important challenges that may prevent large-scale implementation of perovskite-based solar technology. To solve the challenging and complex hysteresis problems, the proposed research (1) investigates the origin and mechanisms behind hysteresis while simultaneously addressing them at the perovskite bulk and interfaces, (2) modifies intrinsic hybrid perovskite properties through fabrication of novel perovskite solid solutions with new alloying elements like bismuth, and (3) enhances fundamental understanding of perovskite device hysteresis as well as the material and interface structure-property relationships governing it. The systematic approach entails first establishing essential material and interfacial structure-property relationships through model systems followed by implementing these design rules to realize efficient and reliable perovskite solar cells with little to no hysteresis. The application of low-temperature, solution processable materials enables the facile translation to flexible substrates for fabricating large-area and stable perovskite solar cells.