Collaborative Research: Water Mediated Transport of Ions and Molecules in Ionomeric Paint Films: An Integrated Multi-Technique Investigation
合作研究:水介导的离聚物漆膜中离子和分子的传输:综合多技术研究
基本信息
- 批准号:1608594
- 负责人:
- 金额:$ 29.5万
- 依托单位:
- 依托单位国家:美国
- 项目类别:Standard Grant
- 财政年份:2016
- 资助国家:美国
- 起止时间:2016-09-01 至 2021-08-31
- 项目状态:已结题
- 来源:
- 关键词:
项目摘要
Non-technical AbstractIrreplaceable masterworks of art dating from the 14th century through the 20th century are slowly deteriorating due to chemical reactions among the paint components. One step believed to be important in this complex process is the movement of ions and molecules through the paint. In this project, the dynamics and transport of materials such as water and solvents in paint films are examined to determine (1) the nature of the process, and (2) what factors affect this process. Paint films are complex materials, and they must be studied with multiple techniques to characterize the processes as completely as possible. With the support from the Solid State and Materials Chemistry program in the Division of Materials Research and the Chemical Measurement and Imaging program in the Division of Chemistry, the ongoing collaboration between the University of Delaware and The Metropolitan Museum of Art to address the deterioration of paintings with modern technologies is expanded by the involvement of scientists at Brookhaven National Laboratory and Pacific Northwest National Laboratory to provide additional unique analyses of materials prepared at The Metropolitan Museum of Art and the University of Delaware and of microscopic samples removed works of art affected, to provide answers to questions like "Why and how does this process occur?" and "What types of actions can be taken to minimize or eliminate these processes that ultimately destroy priceless art objects?" The project, through outreach carried out by The Metropolitan Museum of Art and the University of Delaware, provides the public with a tangible connection between scientific discovery and the elements of culture and history, at the same time as it develops an understanding of complex chemical processes that affect more than just paintings. Technical AbstractThe reaction of heavy-metal-containing pigments with fatty acids in oil paintings, derived from the oil paint binders, produces metal carboxylates also called soaps. These soaps may produce disfiguring inclusions, surface crusts and/or increased transparency of the paints, resulting in unwanted and ultimately deleterious effects. Most oil paintings suffer from this process to some degree. From a scientific perspective, the process consists of a series of steps: (1) production of free fatty acids by hydrolysis of the oil; (2) migration of acids and pigment-derived ions; (3) the reactive event; and (4) agglomeration of the products to produce soap aggregates or migration to the paint film surface to produce crusts. Each step is important and complex, in part due to the heterogeneity of the material. This project focuses on the dynamics of materials in the paint films, predominantly characterizing step 2, but the dynamics are also important as materials like water and solvents, sometimes from restoration interventions, and environmental effects may be involved in steps 1 and 4. Additionally, because these materials are heterogeneous, one must simultaneously consider the effects of properties such as pigment particle size and shape, and porosity of the paint in understanding the nature of these process. This can only be achieved by a multi-pronged approach to characterize samples treated in different ways. By combining the strengths of the Metropolitan Museum, the University of Delaware together with expertise at Brookhaven National Laboratory and Pacific Northwest Laboratory, several sophisticated technologies are directed towards understanding the process. The novel strategy proposed to study a complex heterogeneous multilayered system is applicable to the characterization of analogous problems in the field of soft matter science.
非技术摘要从 14 世纪到 20 世纪不可替代的艺术杰作由于油漆成分之间的化学反应正在慢慢恶化。 在这一复杂过程中,被认为重要的一步是离子和分子在涂料中的运动。 在该项目中,对漆膜中水和溶剂等材料的动力学和传输进行了检查,以确定 (1) 该过程的性质,以及 (2) 影响该过程的因素。 漆膜是复杂的材料,必须采用多种技术对其进行研究,以尽可能完整地表征过程。 在材料研究系的固态和材料化学项目以及化学系的化学测量和成像项目的支持下,特拉华大学和大都会艺术博物馆之间正在进行的合作,通过布鲁克海文国家实验室和太平洋西北国家实验室的科学家的参与,扩大了利用现代技术解决绘画退化问题的合作,以对在特拉华大学制备的材料提供额外的独特分析。 大都会艺术博物馆和特拉华大学从微观样本中取出了受影响的艺术品,以回答诸如“这个过程为何以及如何发生?”等问题。以及“可以采取哪些类型的行动来最小化或消除这些最终摧毁无价艺术品的过程?”该项目通过大都会艺术博物馆和特拉华大学的推广,为公众提供了科学发现与文化和历史元素之间的切实联系,同时加深了对复杂化学过程的理解,这些过程不仅仅影响绘画。 技术摘要含重金属的颜料与油画中源自油画粘合剂的脂肪酸发生反应,产生金属羧酸盐,也称为肥皂。 这些肥皂可能会产生毁容的内含物、表面结皮和/或增加油漆的透明度,从而导致不希望的和最终有害的影响。大多数油画都在某种程度上受到了这个过程的影响。从科学的角度来看,该过程由一系列步骤组成:(1)通过油的水解生产游离脂肪酸; (2)酸和颜料衍生离子的迁移; (3)反应事件; (4)产品结块产生皂粒或迁移到漆膜表面产生结皮。 每个步骤都重要且复杂,部分原因是材料的异质性。该项目重点关注漆膜中材料的动力学,主要表征步骤 2,但动力学也很重要,因为水和溶剂等材料有时来自修复干预,并且步骤 1 和 4 中可能涉及环境影响。此外,由于这些材料是异质的,因此在了解这些过程的性质时必须同时考虑颜料颗粒尺寸和形状以及涂料孔隙率等特性的影响。 这只能通过多管齐下的方法来表征以不同方式处理的样品来实现。 通过将大都会博物馆、特拉华大学的优势与布鲁克海文国家实验室和太平洋西北实验室的专业知识相结合,我们采用了多种先进技术来了解这一过程。提出的研究复杂异质多层系统的新策略适用于软物质科学领域类似问题的表征。
项目成果
期刊论文数量(0)
专著数量(0)
科研奖励数量(0)
会议论文数量(0)
专利数量(0)
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Silvia Centeno其他文献
Silvia Centeno的其他文献
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{{ truncateString('Silvia Centeno', 18)}}的其他基金
Collaborative Research: Structure and Dynamics of Metal Soap Aggregates at the Pigment/Binder Interface. A Multinuclear Solid-State NMR Study
合作研究:颜料/粘合剂界面金属皂聚集体的结构和动力学。
- 批准号:
1139180 - 财政年份:2011
- 资助金额:
$ 29.5万 - 项目类别:
Standard Grant
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Cell Research
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