Galactic Novae: Thinking Inside the Envelope

银河新星:在外壳内思考

基本信息

  • 批准号:
    1614113
  • 负责人:
  • 金额:
    $ 38.37万
  • 依托单位:
  • 依托单位国家:
    美国
  • 项目类别:
    Continuing Grant
  • 财政年份:
    2016
  • 资助国家:
    美国
  • 起止时间:
    2016-08-01 至 2021-07-31
  • 项目状态:
    已结题

项目摘要

1. A nova is a star that brightens abruptly by a large factor. Some novae may become as much as tens of thousands of times brighter than our Sun. The rapid brightening is caused by a runaway thermonuclear explosion on the surface of a white dwarf star; a small star that packs about as much mass as our Sun into a volume the size of Earth. The white dwarf accumulates the hydrogen that fuels the nova outburst from an ordinary star that is a close companion. The explosion ejects mass from the surface of the white dwarf, enriching space with heavier elements produced during the thermonuclear explosion. Although novae have been known since ancient times, and astrophysicists have understood the cause of a nova explosion since the middle of the last century, important puzzles still remain. Over the past several years, spacecraft observations have revealed that at least some novae emit very high-energy gamma radiation. This was unexpected and is still mysterious. Some novae also may be progenitors of Type Ia supernovae, which have significant implications for cosmology. The Principal Investigator will conduct extensive scientific analyses of the atlas of observational data he has accumulated for 83 novae over the past 14 years. This research will address several key questions about novae. The results of the investigations constitute the Intellectual Merit of this project. The Broader Impacts stem from the PI's proposed involvement of undergraduates and high-school students directly in the research. He points out that since 1991, five of the high-school students he has supervised have been semi-finalists in the Intel Science Talent Search. The PI will also collaborate with the American Association of Variable Star Observers (AAVSO) to enhance the experiences of participating amateur observers.2. Nova eruptions are caused by thermonuclear runaways at the degenerate base of an accreted H layer on a white dwarf. The hydrogen layer is accumulated by mass transfer from a close binary companion star. During outburst, a nova increases in brightness, in some cases reaching tens of thousands of times the luminosity of the Sun. A nova explosion ejects as much one ten-thousandth of a solar mass from the white dwarf into the interstellar medium, enriching it in heavier elements produced in the nuclear burning event. During the past several years, the Fermi Gamma Ray Observatory has discovered that some novae emit high-energy gamma radiation; the origin of these emissions is still not well understood. Some novae also may be the precursors of Type Ia supernovae, which have important implications for cosmology. In order to address several key questions about these eruptive variables, the Principal Investigator will conduct exhaustive scientific analyses of the atlas of high-cadence photometric and spectroscopic data he has accumulated for 83 novae over the past 14 years. The results of these investigations constitute the Intellectual Merit of this project. The Broader Impacts stem from the PI's proposed involvement of undergraduates and high-school students directly in the research. He points out that since 1991, five of the high-school students he has supervised have been semi-finalists in the Intel Science Talent Search. The PI will also collaborate with the American Association of Variable Star Observers (AAVSO) to enhance the experiences of participating amateur observers.
1. 新星是一颗因较大因素突然变亮的恒星。一些新星的亮度可能达到太阳的数万倍。快速变亮是由一颗白矮星表面失控的热核爆炸引起的;它是一颗体积和地球一样大,质量和太阳差不多的小恒星。白矮星从一颗普通的恒星中积累氢,为新星爆发提供燃料,这颗恒星是白矮星的亲密伴侣。爆炸从白矮星表面喷射出大量物质,使空间充满了热核爆炸过程中产生的重元素。尽管新星自古以来就为人所知,而且天体物理学家自上世纪中叶以来就已经了解了新星爆炸的原因,但重要的谜团仍然存在。在过去的几年里,宇宙飞船的观测显示,至少有一些新星发射出非常高能的伽马射线。这是出乎意料的,至今仍是个谜。一些新星也可能是Ia型超新星的前身,这对宇宙学具有重要意义。首席研究员将对他在过去14年中积累的83颗新星的观测数据图谱进行广泛的科学分析。这项研究将解决关于新星的几个关键问题。调查的结果构成了这个项目的智力价值。更广泛的影响源于PI建议本科生和高中生直接参与研究。他指出,自1991年以来,他指导的五名高中生进入了英特尔科学人才搜索大赛的半决赛。PI还将与美国变星观测者协会(AAVSO)合作,以提高参与的业余观测者的经验。新星爆发是由白矮星上吸积H层简并底部的热核失控引起的。氢层是由一个紧密的双星伴星的质量传递积累而成的。在爆发期间,新星的亮度增加,在某些情况下达到太阳亮度的数万倍。一颗新星的爆炸将相当于太阳质量万分之一的白矮星喷射到星际介质中,使其富含核燃烧过程中产生的重元素。在过去的几年里,费米伽马射线天文台发现一些新星发射高能伽马辐射;这些排放物的来源仍不清楚。一些新星也可能是Ia型超新星的前体,这对宇宙学具有重要意义。为了解决这些爆发变量的几个关键问题,首席研究员将对他在过去14年中积累的83颗新星的高节奏光度和光谱数据进行详尽的科学分析。这些调查的结果构成了这个项目的智力价值。更广泛的影响源于PI建议本科生和高中生直接参与研究。他指出,自1991年以来,他指导的五名高中生进入了英特尔科学人才搜索大赛的半决赛。PI还将与美国变星观测者协会(AAVSO)合作,以提高参与的业余观测者的经验。

项目成果

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Frederick Walter其他文献

Frederick Walter的其他文献

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{{ truncateString('Frederick Walter', 18)}}的其他基金

The Low Mass End of the Mass Function in OB Associations with Small and Medium Astronomical Research Telescopes System (SMARTS)
OB 中质量函数的低质量端与中小型天文研究望远镜系统 (SMARTS) 的关联
  • 批准号:
    0307454
  • 财政年份:
    2003
  • 资助金额:
    $ 38.37万
  • 项目类别:
    Continuing Grant
The T Tauri Stars and the Pre-Main Sequence Evolution of Low Mass Stars
金牛座 T 星和低质量恒星的前主序演化
  • 批准号:
    8996308
  • 财政年份:
    1989
  • 资助金额:
    $ 38.37万
  • 项目类别:
    Continuing Grant
The T Tauri Stars and the Pre-Main Sequence Evolution of Low Mass Stars
金牛座 T 星和低质量恒星的前主序演化
  • 批准号:
    8818161
  • 财政年份:
    1989
  • 资助金额:
    $ 38.37万
  • 项目类别:
    Continuing Grant

相似海外基金

CAREER: Mixing and Oscillations in Novae
职业:Novae 中的混合和振荡
  • 批准号:
    2238851
  • 财政年份:
    2023
  • 资助金额:
    $ 38.37万
  • 项目类别:
    Standard Grant
Observational and theoretical studies on the disk instability in dwarf novae and application to active galactic nuclei
矮新星盘不稳定性的观测和理论研究及其在活动星系核中的应用
  • 批准号:
    20K22374
  • 财政年份:
    2020
  • 资助金额:
    $ 38.37万
  • 项目类别:
    Grant-in-Aid for Research Activity Start-up
Neutron transfer reactions important in novae explosions
中子转移反应在新星爆炸中很重要
  • 批准号:
    2297085
  • 财政年份:
    2019
  • 资助金额:
    $ 38.37万
  • 项目类别:
    Studentship
CAREER: Understanding Novae as Shock-Powered Explosions
职业生涯:将新星理解为冲击动力爆炸
  • 批准号:
    1751874
  • 财政年份:
    2018
  • 资助金额:
    $ 38.37万
  • 项目类别:
    Standard Grant
Novae as IR Transients
新星作为红外瞬变
  • 批准号:
    1816100
  • 财政年份:
    2018
  • 资助金额:
    $ 38.37万
  • 项目类别:
    Standard Grant
Rapidly Recurring Novae
快速重现的新星
  • 批准号:
    2000720
  • 财政年份:
    2017
  • 资助金额:
    $ 38.37万
  • 项目类别:
    Studentship
Signatures of Shocks and Particle Acceleration from Novae in our Galaxy
银河系新星的冲击和粒子加速特征
  • 批准号:
    1615084
  • 财政年份:
    2016
  • 资助金额:
    $ 38.37万
  • 项目类别:
    Standard Grant
Pioneering Study off Nuclear gamma spectroscopic observation for Super Novae
超新星核伽马能谱观测的开创性研究
  • 批准号:
    16K13785
  • 财政年份:
    2016
  • 资助金额:
    $ 38.37万
  • 项目类别:
    Grant-in-Aid for Challenging Exploratory Research
Chemical Evolution of Milkey-way Galaxy and Origin of Solar System from Nitrogen Isotopic Ratios in Classical Novae
从经典新星的氮同位素比看银河系的化学演化和太阳系的起源
  • 批准号:
    15K13466
  • 财政年份:
    2015
  • 资助金额:
    $ 38.37万
  • 项目类别:
    Grant-in-Aid for Challenging Exploratory Research
Constraining the Magneto-Rotational Instability in Accretion Disks with Simulations of Dwarf Novae and X-ray Binary Outbursts
通过模拟矮新星和 X 射线双星爆发来约束吸积盘中的磁旋转不稳定性
  • 批准号:
    1412417
  • 财政年份:
    2014
  • 资助金额:
    $ 38.37万
  • 项目类别:
    Standard Grant
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