RAPID: Geochemical and Geophysical Observations of the 2015 Eruption of Volcan Momotombo, Nicaragua

尼加拉瓜莫莫通博火山是一座玄武岩-安山岩层状火山，位于活跃的中美洲火山弧沿线。上一次喷发是在1905年。在过去的一年里，Momotombo海底一直在发生地震群。包括4.7级地震在内的大地震群开始于2015年11月24日，并于2015年12月1日（当地时间）早上7点49分以气体和火山灰喷发达到高潮。截至12月1日晚，莫莫通博火山处于斯特隆波利火山喷发状态，火山柱长约1公里，熔岩从火山北侧流下。在这个阶段，Momotombo火山喷发的特点似乎是小体积的熔岩和小体积的火山喷发。这笔快速发展基金将支持一个多学科团队前往尼加拉瓜，与INETER的同事合作：1)在火山周围安装GPS仪器并分析现有的GPS数据；2)安装4台宽带地震仪器，研究Momotombo地下岩浆的储存和运移；3)对正在进行的火山喷发进行观测，研究火山喷发活动的类型，收集火山样本，研究火山羽流动力学；4)采集火山熔岩流样本进行地球化学分析；5)利用InSAR研究Momomtombo火山前兆和地壳变形。该项目利用了来自nsf资助的COCONet项目、ceo倡议以及由该团队成员领导的以前nsf资助的项目的现有基础设施的支持。

Volcan Momotombo, Nicaragua is a basaltic to basaltic-andesite stratovolcano located along the active Central American Volcanic Arc. It last erupted in 1905. Seismic swarms have been occurring beneath Momotombo for the past year. A major seismic swarm, which included an M4.7 earthquake, began on November 24, 2015, and culminated in gas and ash eruptions beginning at 7:49 am (local time) on December 1, 2015. By the evening of December 1, Momotombo was in strombolian eruption with columns to ~1 km and lava flows flowing down the northern flank of the volcano. At this stage the Momotombo eruption appears to be characterized by both small-volume lava and small-volume tephra emissions.This RAPID funding will support a multi-disciplinary team that will travel to Nicaragua to collaborate with our INETER colleagues to: 1) install GPS instruments around the volcano and analyze existing GPS data; 2) install four broadband seismic instruments to study magma storage and migration beneath Momotombo; 3) make observations of the ongoing eruption to study the style of eruptive activity and collect tephra samples to investigate plume dynamics; 4) collect samples of tephra and lava flows for geochemical analyses; and 5) investigate precursory volcano and crustal deformation at Momomtombo using InSAR. This project leverages support from the NSF-funded COCONet project, the CEOS initiative, and existing infrastructure from previous NSF-funded projects led by members of this team.