SBIR Phase I: Modified Ionic Liquid Electrolytes for Low-Cost, High-Energy Li-ion Batteries

SBIR 第一阶段：用于低成本、高能锂离子电池的改性离子液体电解质

• 批准号: 1621177
• 负责人: Tyler Evans
• 金额: $ 22.5万
• 依托单位: SiILion, Inc.
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2016
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2016-07-01 至 2017-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1621177&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: SBIR; Phase; Modified; Ionic; Liquid

This SBIR Phase I project will enable a high-performance, large particle size silicon anode for integration in SiILion's proprietary high energy Li-ion system. While rechargeable lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) have dominated the portable electronics market for nearly a decade, they have failed to gain widespread commercial success in high power and high capacity applications due to material limitations. Demand for a battery providing 400 Wh/kg, 700 Wh/L (almost double the specific energy of current state-of-the art lithium-ion batteries) is growing. Reaching the performance demands of next-generation Li-ion batteries will require breakthroughs in next-generation electrode materials. If successful in enabling its proposed 900 Wh/L technology, SiILion could offer the public an opportunity to own an affordable, safe, environmentally conscious vehicle while also providing safe, high energy batteries for applications ranging from consumer electronics to grid storage. Moreover, SiILion's high energy battery technology has major implications in the aerospace and defense industries, providing a non-flammable battery for vehicular and on-person applications. In the race to develop the next successful Li-ion technology, the U.S. economy stands to gain; SiILion's proposed Li-ion battery system provides an opportunity for the U.S. to own high impact battery technology and reclaim a leadership position in the Li-ion market.Most research aimed towards enabling next-generation electrode materials, both in academia and industry, focuses on expensive material modification. Conversely, SiILion is working to enable low-cost and scalable electrode materials using a new class of electrolyte: room temperature ionic liquids (RTILs). In order to truly realize a low-cost and scalable bulk-type Si anode, the incorporation of larger Si particles needs to be achieved. Micron-scale silicon (Micro-Si) is the ideal anode material for low cost and high capacity, but a full-cell incorporating Micro-Si has never been demonstrated commercially or in academia because of complications stemming from the material's expansion during lithiation. Upon optimizing the micron-Si anode in an RTIL electrolyte, the following areas will be investigated: (1) overall electrode thickness change upon lithiation and delithiation, (2) characterization of electrode mechanism and material morphology throughout cycling, (3) development of full-cells in a coin cell configuration, and (4) development of full-cells in a large-format configurations. This SBIR Phase I project will, for the first time demonstrate a working Micro-Si anode in a Li-ion full-cell, through the optimization of the electrode architecture and its accompanying electrolyte composition.

该SBIR第一阶段项目将实现高性能，大粒度硅阳极集成在SiIIion专有的高能锂离子系统中。虽然可充电锂离子电池（LIB）已经主导便携式电子产品市场近十年，但由于材料限制，它们未能在高功率和高容量应用中获得广泛的商业成功。对提供400 Wh/kg、700 Wh/L（几乎是当前最先进的锂离子电池的比能量的两倍）的电池的需求正在增长。要达到下一代锂离子电池的性能要求，需要在下一代电极材料方面取得突破。如果成功实现其拟议的900 Wh/L技术，SiIIion可以为公众提供一个拥有负担得起的，安全的，环保的汽车的机会，同时也为从消费电子到电网存储的应用提供安全，高能量的电池。此外，SiIIion的高能电池技术在航空航天和国防工业中具有重要意义，为车辆和个人应用提供了不易燃电池。在开发下一代成功的锂离子技术的竞赛中，美国经济将从中受益; SiILion提出的锂离子电池系统为美国提供了一个拥有高冲击力电池技术并重新夺回锂离子市场领导地位的机会。学术界和工业界的大多数旨在实现下一代电极材料的研究都集中在昂贵的材料改性上。相反，SiIIion正在努力使用一类新的电解质：室温离子液体（RTIL）来实现低成本和可扩展的电极材料。为了真正实现低成本和可扩展的块型Si阳极，需要实现较大Si颗粒的并入。微晶硅（Micro-Si）是低成本和高容量的理想阳极材料，但由于材料在锂化过程中膨胀的复杂性，包含Micro-Si的全电池从未在商业上或学术界得到证明。在优化RTIL电解质中的微米-Si阳极后，将研究以下领域：（1）锂化和脱锂后的总电极厚度变化，（2）整个循环过程中电极机制和材料形态的表征，（3）纽扣电池配置中的全电池的开发，以及（4）大规格配置中的全电池的开发。该SBIR第一阶段项目将通过优化电极结构及其伴随的电解质成分，首次在锂离子全电池中展示可工作的Micro-Si阳极。