MRI Consortium: Development of the Fast Interaction Trigger Detector for the ALICE Experiment at the LHC

核科学咨询委员会2015年长期计划（LRP）的四项关键建议之一包括增加对中小型项目和倡议的投资，以促进大学和实验室的前沿研究。LRP还鼓励教育和劳动力发展以及研究和开发最先进的核科学工具和技术。这个项目是在芝加哥州立大学和加州理工州立大学开发粒子物理探测器，将使欧洲大型强子对撞机的世界级物理学家和工程师的国际合作能够向我们的大学转让知识。这将提供独特的机会，培养本科生在电子，检测技术，激光技术，数据分析和仪器接口。本文提出的快速相互作用触发探测器（FIT）是一种满足特定要求的仪器，可作为其中一种粒子探测器系统的最小偏压触发器（被称为爱丽丝）在LHC：（a）对于LHC产生的碰撞，以99%的效率区分束-束相互作用的能力，对于Pb-Pb碰撞，以50 kHz的速率，对于p-p和p-p碰撞，以200 kHz的速率。铅碰撞。(b)为其余ALICE探测器（0级触发）提供启动信号的能力，时间分辨率优于30 ps。除了这些设计参数外，FIT探测器还将提供以下测量：（a）带电粒子多重性（B）相互作用反应平面（c）碰撞顶点位置的首次测量。FIT也将是向LHC提供直接反馈的关键探测器。这将是第一个开启的ALICE探测器，用于进行光束调谐和在线监测光度。这些特性是供应商提供的任何仪器都不具备的，因此需要开发一种独特的仪器，作为高能核和粒子物理学触发探测器的先锋。

One of the four key recommendations of the Nuclear Science Advisory Committee's 2015 Long Range Plan (LRP) included increasing investment in small-scale and mid-scale projects and initiatives that enable forefront research at universities and laboratories. The LRP also encourages education and workforce development as well as research and development into state-of-the-art tools and techniques for nuclear science. This project, the development of a particle physics detector at Chicago State University and California Polytechnic State University, will enable the transfer of knowledge from an international collaboration of world-class physicists and engineers at Europe's Large Hadron Collider (LHC) to our universities. This will provide unique opportunities to train undergraduate students in electronics, detection techniques, laser technology, data analysis, and instrumentation interface. The Fast Interaction Trigger Detector (FIT) proposed here is an instrument that meets specific requirements as the Minimum Bias trigger for one of the particle detector systems (called ALICE) at the LHC: (a) The capability to discriminate beam-beam interactions with a 99% efficiency for the collisions generated by the LHC at a rate of 50 kHz for Pb-Pb collisions and a rate of 200 kHz for p-p and p-Pb collisions. (b) The capability to provide a start signal for the rest of the ALICE detectors (Level 0 trigger) with a time resolution better than 30 ps. In addition to these design parameters, the FIT detector will provide the following measurements: (a) Charged particle multiplicity (b) Interaction reaction plane (c) First measurement of the collision vertex position. FIT will also be the key detector to provide direct feedback to the LHC. It will be the first of the ALICE detectors to be turned on to perform beam tuning and monitor online luminosity. These characteristics, not available in any instrument provided by a vendor, require the development of a unique instrument at the vanguard of trigger detectors for high energy nuclear and particle physics.