Doctoral Dissertation Research: Infrastructural Design Challenges in Municipal Planning Efforts Aimed at Maximizing Energy Efficiency

博士论文研究：旨在最大限度提高能源效率的市政规划工作中的基础设施设计挑战

• 批准号: 1628580
• 负责人: Michael Fisch
• 金额: $ 2.5万
• 依托单位: University of Chicago
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2016
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2016-07-15 至 2017-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1628580&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Doctoral; Dissertation; Research; Infrastructural; Design

In 2007, half of the global population became concentrated in cities for the first time in human history. By 2050, nearly 90% of global population growth and 60% of aggregate energy consumption will occur in cities. Climate scientists suggest that efforts combat anthropogenic climate change will be won or lost in cities, especially through the large-scale transformation of urban transit networks. As municipal planners worldwide reckon with the ecological and public health hazards of mass automobility, a transition to decarbonized transit has emerged as a significant concern for municipal planners and engineers. This project, which trains a graduate student in methods of conducting empirically grounded scientific fieldwork, explores what factors contribute to the cultural and social efficacy and effectiveness of municipal planning efforts aimed at improving energy efficiency and optimizing mobility around urban infrastructures. Through an ethnographic study of energy efficient infrastructure design, Rebecca Journey, under the supervision of Dr. Michael Fisch of the University of Chicago, will investigate the social and cultural factors that shape urban planning efforts. Tasked with retrofitting ever-sprawling cities with energy efficient transport infrastructure, urban planners are looking increasingly to Northern Europe for models. Within this context, the Danish capital and self-styled "eco-metropolis" of Copenhagen has surfaced as a prototype. At a municipal scale, this ambition is outlined in the Climate Plan, Copenhagen Municipality's long-range, comprehensive planning initiative to build the world's first carbon-neutral capital, and by extension, to shape a citizenry that might prove capable of mitigating climate concerns. To that end, this project will track a range of infrastructure design, development, and retrofit projects prescribed by the Climate Plan. Through participant-observation, multimedia documentation, and ethnographic interviews with city planners, architects, policymakers, and citizens, this research will investigate the sociocultural drivers and experiential dimensions of sustainable transport technology. For good reason, mobility studies have tended to focus on cars, trains and planes. Such studies have illuminated the inequitable distribution of resources in transit networks as well as the environmental and geopolitical hazards of fossil-fueled mobility. Yet in addition to rendering the harms of carbon-based transit apparent, mobility studies should attend to the modes by which alternatives become a thinkable and practical dimension of everyday life. This research takes up precisely this charge by enriching the social scientific study of infrastructure and mobility with the understudied regional and cultural perspective of Scandinavia.

2007年，全球一半的人口在人类历史上首次集中在城市。到2050年，全球近90%的人口增长和60%的总能源消耗将发生在城市。气候科学家认为，应对人为气候变化的努力将在城市中获胜或失败，特别是通过大规模改造城市交通网络。随着全球城市规划者考虑到大规模机动车的生态和公共健康危害，向脱碳交通的过渡已成为城市规划者和工程师的一个重要问题。该项目培养研究生进行实证科学实地考察的方法，探索哪些因素有助于提高城市规划工作的文化和社会功效和有效性，旨在提高能源效率和优化城市基础设施周围的流动性。在芝加哥大学Michael菲施博士的指导下，通过对节能基础设施设计的人种学研究，Rebecca Journey将调查塑造城市规划工作的社会和文化因素。城市规划者的任务是用节能的交通基础设施改造不断扩张的城市，他们越来越多地将目光投向北方欧洲。在此背景下，丹麦首都、自封的“生态大都市”哥本哈根作为原型浮出水面。在市政层面，气候计划概述了这一雄心，这是哥本哈根市政府的长期综合规划倡议，旨在建立世界上第一个碳中和首都，并通过扩展，塑造一个可能证明有能力减轻气候问题的公民。为此，该项目将跟踪气候计划规定的一系列基础设施设计、开发和改造项目。通过参与观察，多媒体文件，和人种学采访城市规划师，建筑师，决策者和市民，本研究将调查的社会文化驱动力和可持续交通技术的经验层面。出于很好的理由，移动性研究往往集中在汽车，火车和飞机上。这些研究揭示了交通网络中资源的不公平分配以及化石燃料流动的环境和地缘政治危害。然而，除了使碳基运输的危害显而易见之外，流动性研究还应该关注替代品成为日常生活中一个重要和实用的方面的模式。这项研究正是通过丰富对基础设施和流动性的社会科学研究，并从斯堪的纳维亚半岛的区域和文化角度进行深入研究，来承担这一责任。