Collaborative Research: Responsible Innovation with Genetically Modified American Chestnut Trees

合作研究：转基因美国板栗树的负责任创新

• 批准号: 1632655
• 负责人: Robin Kimmerer
• 金额: $ 2.8万
• 依托单位: SUNY College of Environmental Science and Forestry
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2016
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2016-08-15 至 2019-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1632655&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; Research; Responsible; Innovation; Genetically

General Audience Summary This collaborative proposal focuses on the Genetically Modified American Chestnut tree (GMAC). Unlike other emerging biotechnologies, such as gene drives, the GMAC has already been subjected to multiple years of field testing; it is on the verge of entering the regulatory review process for full environmental release. Two research teams will engage with four core stakeholder groups: biotechnologists, indigenous communities, non-governmental organizations, and policy makers. The research team at North Carolina State University will engage in interviews and laboratory ethnographies with biotechnologists, and the team will conduct a workshop that will include significant interaction and dialogue among university researchers, non-governmental organizations, and associated scientists in the public and private sectors. It will also conduct a narrative policy framework analysis to reveal the ways in which non-governmental organizations and other political actors use narratives to govern the development and deployment of the GMAC. The stakeholder workshop will lay groundwork for a highly collaborative future effort to engage the public on an emerging technology; it will focus on the ways in which public audiences might be meaningfully engaged to decide if and how the GMAC should be released into shared environments. The research team at the collaborating institution, the State University of New York College of Environmental Science and Forestry's Center for Native Peoples and the Environment, will conduct linguistic analysis and host a workshop in Haudenosaunee territory to understand the ways in which the GMAC might intersect with the history and sovereignty of indigenous communities. The collaboration will create multiple engagements between university researchers and underrepresented communities often excluded from decision-making processes. Project personnel will produce research reports for stakeholders, presentations for interdisciplinary academic conferences, and at least eight manuscripts for publication in peer-reviewed journals.Technical Summary By focusing on a common set of themes across four core stakeholder groups, the proposed research aims to advance scholarship on expertise, anticipatory governance, responsible innovation, and environmental justice. Interviews of tree biotechnologists explore the anticipations, which is related to governance in the broadest sense, of innovative technologies and their regulatory environments. The collaboration with the State University of New York researchers will co-produce knowledge addressing a public that is often excluded, to incorporate perceptions of genetically modified trees and provide insight into relationships among responsible innovation, indigenous expertise, and environmental justice. The narrative policy framework analysis promises more nuanced understandings of the activities of non-governmental organizations beyond their positive and negative stances concerning genetically modified organisms. The stakeholder workshop confronts experts with social science research to test how their own perceptions change and to what degree they re-imagine their own roles in engaging with the public about genetically modified trees and other biotechnologies.

普通观众摘要此协作提案的重点是转基因的美国栗树（GMAC）。与其他新兴生物技术（例如基因驱动器）不同，GMAC已经进行了多年的现场测试。它即将进入监管审查过程以进行全面环境释放。两个研究团队将与四个核心利益相关者群体互动：生物技术医生，土著社区，非政府组织和政策制定者。北卡罗来纳州立大学的研究团队将与生物技术医生进行访谈和实验室民族志，该团队将举办一个研讨会，其中包括大学研究人员，非政府组织，非政府组织以及公共和私营部门的相关科学家之间的重大互动和对话。它还将进行叙事政策框架分析，以揭示非政府组织和其他政治行为者使用叙事来管理GMAC的发展和部署的方式。利益相关者研讨会将为未来的高度协作努力奠定基础，以使公众参与新兴技术。它将重点介绍公众观众可能有意义地参与的方式，以决定是否以及如何将GMAC释放到共享环境中。合作机构，纽约州立大学环境科学与环境中心的研究团队将在Haudenosaunee领域进行语言分析，并在Haudenosaunee领域举办研讨会，以了解GMAC可能与土著社区的历史和主权相交的方式。该合作将在大学研究人员和通常被排除在决策过程中的代表性不足的社区之间创建多个参与。项目人员将为利益相关者提供研究报告，跨学科学术会议的演讲，以及在同行评审期刊上发表的至少八本手稿，通过专注于四个核心利益相关者群体的一组共同主题，旨在提高有关专业知识的奖学金，预期政府律师事业，环境义务，环境义务，促进授予的奖学金。树木生物技术医生的访谈探索了与治理有关创新技术及其监管环境的预期，这与治理有关。与纽约州立大学研究人员的合作将共同培育知识，以解决通常被排除在外的公众，以纳入对转基因树木的看法，并洞悉负责任的创新，土著专业知识和环境正义之间的关系。叙事政策框架分析有望对非政府组织的活动有更细微的理解，超出其关于转基因生物的积极和负面立场。利益相关者研讨会与专家进行社会科学研究面对面，以测试他们自己的看法如何改变，并在与公众与公众互动的转基因和其他生物技术方面的角色中重新想象自己的角色。