Nanopatterned Electron Beams for Coherent Radiation Emission

这项工作旨在利用最新的技术进步，将基于加速器的同步辐射设施的成本和尺寸缩小到适合典型大学和工业实验室以及医院的水平。自从x射线于1895年被发现以来，它一直是测定所有形式物质结构的唯一最强大的技术。通过越来越强大的技术，科学家和医生，以及质量控制检查员，航空乘客安检人员和法医调查员已经解决了从原子大小到人体大小的长度范围。每天，这些知识支撑着我们的现代技术、我们的健康和安全。然而，今天，x射线性能的基准是由大型加速器同步辐射设备设定的，由于其规模和成本，这些设备必须位于国家实验室或主要大学设施中。该项目的目标是将同样的尖端能力以更小、更便宜的规模实现。这项研究旨在测试一个破坏性的假设，即适度相对论性电子束可以在x射线尺度上产生和维持密度调制。其目的是：(1)通过薄板硅晶体实验，建立对相对论光束衍射的基本认识，并创建一个动态光束停止，使正向光束熄灭；(2)根据第一性原理进行实验和模拟，确定衍射参数对电子束性质的依赖关系；(3)证明了衍射可以产生纳米图案光束，其中使用Si光栅结构和成像光学来建立图案光束中的密度调制；(4)利用最新的亚利桑那州立大学（ASU）加速器设备，通过可调周期的加速，证明纳米图案光束保持其密度调制。该项目将促进在新的世界级加速器研发和x射线科学设施中指导和培训下一代x射线和加速器科学家和工程师。全球范围的传播将通过纳米电子束发现任务网站实现，该网站将举办培训模块，加强对中学生和高中生的动手教学课堂推广计划，并通过亚利桑那州立大学K-12“科学是乐趣”计划。

This work aims to exploit recent advances in technology to shrink the cost and size of accelerator-based synchrotron radiation facilities to a level appropriate for typical university and industry labs, as well as hospitals. Since their discovery in 1895, x-rays have been the single most powerful technique for determining the structure of all forms of materials. Through increasingly powerful techniques scientists and medical doctors, as well as quality-control inspectors, airline passenger screeners, and forensic investigators have resolved the length scales from the size of an atom to the size of the human body. Every day, that knowledge underpins our modern technologies, our health, and our safety. Today, however, the benchmark for x-ray performance is set by large accelerator-based synchrotron radiation facilities which, due to their size and cost, have to be located in national labs or major university facilities. The goal of this project is to bring the same cutting-edge capability to a smaller and cheaper scale.This research aims to test a disruptive hypothesis that modestly relativistic electron beams can generate and sustain density modulations at x-ray scale. It aims to: (1) develop foundational understanding of diffraction of relativistic beams through experiments with thin slab Si crystals and to create a dynamical beam stop that extinguishes the forward beam; (2) determine the dependence of diffraction parameters on electron beam properties using experiment and simulation derived from first principles; (3) demonstrate that diffraction can result in a nanopatterned beam where Si grating structures and imaging optics are used to establish the density modulation in the patterned beam; (4) demonstrate that the nanopatterned beam retains its density modulation through acceleration with tunable period using a new state-of-the-art Arizona State University (ASU) accelerator facility. This project will facilitate mentorship and training of the next generation of x-ray and accelerator scientists and engineers in the new world class accelerator R&D and x-ray science facility. Dissemination with global reach will be achieved through the Nanopatterned Electron Beams Discovery Mission website, which will host training modules that fortify hands-on instructional classroom outreach programs to middle and high-school students and through K-12 'Science is Fun' program at ASU.