Nanopatterned Electron Beams for Coherent Radiation Emission

这项工作旨在利用最新的技术进步，将基于加速器的同步辐射设施的成本和尺寸缩小到适合典型的大学和工业实验室以及医院的水平。自1895年发现X射线以来，X射线一直是确定所有形式的材料结构的最强大的技术。通过越来越强大的技术，科学家和医生，以及质量控制检查员、航空公司乘客筛查员和法医调查人员已经解决了从原子大小到人体大小的长度尺度。每一天，这些知识都支撑着我们的现代技术、我们的健康和我们的安全。然而，今天，X射线性能的基准是由基于大型加速器的同步辐射设施设定的，由于其规模和成本，这些设施必须设在国家实验室或主要的大学设施中。该项目的目标是将同样的尖端能力带到更小、更便宜的规模。这项研究旨在测试一个颠覆性假设，即适度相对论电子束可以产生并维持X射线规模的密度调制。其目的是：(1)通过对薄板硅晶体的实验，加深对相对论光束衍射的基础性了解，并创建扑灭前向光束的动态光束阻挡；(2)利用源自第一性原理的实验和模拟，确定衍射参数对电子束性质的依赖；(3)演示衍射可以产生纳米溅射光束，其中硅光栅结构和成像光学被用于建立图案光束中的密度调制；(4)利用最先进的亚利桑那州立大学(ASU)加速器设施，演示纳米溅射光束通过具有可调周期的加速来保持其密度调制。该项目将促进在新的世界级加速器研发和X射线科学设施中指导和培训下一代X射线和加速器科学家和工程师。全球范围内的传播将通过纳米电子束发现任务网站实现，该网站将托管培训模块，加强针对初中生和高中生的实践教学课堂扩展计划，并通过亚利桑那州立大学的K-12“科学是乐趣”计划。

This work aims to exploit recent advances in technology to shrink the cost and size of accelerator-based synchrotron radiation facilities to a level appropriate for typical university and industry labs, as well as hospitals. Since their discovery in 1895, x-rays have been the single most powerful technique for determining the structure of all forms of materials. Through increasingly powerful techniques scientists and medical doctors, as well as quality-control inspectors, airline passenger screeners, and forensic investigators have resolved the length scales from the size of an atom to the size of the human body. Every day, that knowledge underpins our modern technologies, our health, and our safety. Today, however, the benchmark for x-ray performance is set by large accelerator-based synchrotron radiation facilities which, due to their size and cost, have to be located in national labs or major university facilities. The goal of this project is to bring the same cutting-edge capability to a smaller and cheaper scale.This research aims to test a disruptive hypothesis that modestly relativistic electron beams can generate and sustain density modulations at x-ray scale. It aims to: (1) develop foundational understanding of diffraction of relativistic beams through experiments with thin slab Si crystals and to create a dynamical beam stop that extinguishes the forward beam; (2) determine the dependence of diffraction parameters on electron beam properties using experiment and simulation derived from first principles; (3) demonstrate that diffraction can result in a nanopatterned beam where Si grating structures and imaging optics are used to establish the density modulation in the patterned beam; (4) demonstrate that the nanopatterned beam retains its density modulation through acceleration with tunable period using a new state-of-the-art Arizona State University (ASU) accelerator facility. This project will facilitate mentorship and training of the next generation of x-ray and accelerator scientists and engineers in the new world class accelerator R&D and x-ray science facility. Dissemination with global reach will be achieved through the Nanopatterned Electron Beams Discovery Mission website, which will host training modules that fortify hands-on instructional classroom outreach programs to middle and high-school students and through K-12 'Science is Fun' program at ASU.