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An Autonomous Ocean Profiling and Water Sampling System for 0 to 11 km of Water Depth

0 至 11 公里水深的自主海洋剖面和水采样系统

基本信息

批准号：
1635466
负责人：
Steven D'Hondt
金额：
$ 73.88万
依托单位：
University of Rhode Island
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
Standard Grant
财政年份：
2016
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2016-09-15 至 2022-08-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1635466&HistoricalAwards=false
关键词：
Autonomous Ocean Profiling Water Sampling

项目摘要

This project will build an autonomous system that measures physical, chemical and biological properties and samples seawater throughout the full global range of ocean depths (0 to 11 km below sea level). Because this system will be deployable over this entire depth range, it will significantly advance understanding of deep-sea chemistry, watermass structure and planktonic ecosystems at all water depths. Because the system will profile and sample deep water autonomously, it will replace human-guided wire-based operations for oceanic profiling and water sampling at any depth. Consequently, it will significantly reduce the time and expense required for on-site operations by allowing shipboard science parties to undertake other deck operations simultaneously with water-column sampling and profiling. Most uniquely, the proposed system will make pervasive study of the very deep (6000-11000 mbsl) ocean feasible for the first time. At completion of this project, the system will be made available to the scientific community as a shared-use instrument.This autonomous system will profile the physical and chemical properties of the entire water column during the trip from sea surface to seafloor and back again. During the return trip, it will take up to 24 water samples with modified Niskin bottles and pressure-retaining water samplers. Sampling strategies will be flexible and easily programmed to autonomously take samples at specific depth horizons (e.g., 10 depths spaced between 100 and 10000 meters) or adaptively based on transitions recorded and automatically identified in salinity, temperature, density or oxygen content. The system will be tested in the laboratory and at sea on two trial expeditions in the second project year. The trial expeditions for this system will provide field opportunities, samples and data for scientists and students to study deep-sea biological, chemical and physical processes in the western North Atlantic and a deep-sea trench (probably the Puerto Rico Trench). The expeditions will focus on creating opportunities for students from URI and minority-dominated institutions, especially in Puerto Rico, where the second expedition may begin and end. The project will introduce undergraduate and graduate students to design of oceanographic instruments and sea-going research through: (i) an Ocean Engineering design class based on the proposed instrument development, (ii) inclusion of undergraduate and graduate students on the expeditions, (iii) ship tours and presentations in the port region(s), (iv) study by other graduate students of samples and data from the expeditions. Finally, the project will provide a stipend and tuition for graduate student training in scientific instrument design and software development. These efforts will address NSF Broader Impact criteria in several ways, including participation of women, persons with disabilities, and underrepresented minorities in science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) and development of a diverse, globally competitive STEM workforce.

该项目将建立一个自动系统，测量物理、化学和生物特性，并在全球海洋深度（海平面以下0至11公里）范围内对海水取样。由于这一系统将可在整个深度范围内部署，它将大大促进对所有水深的深海化学、水团结构和浮游生态系统的了解。由于该系统将自动对深水进行剖面分析和采样，它将取代人工引导的有线操作，用于任何深度的海洋剖面分析和水采样。因此，这将大大减少现场作业所需的时间和费用，使船上科学小组能够在进行水柱取样和剖面分析的同时进行其他甲板作业。最独特的是，拟议中的系统将使非常深的海洋（6000-11000 mbsl）的普遍研究首次可行。该项目完成后，该系统将作为共用仪器提供给科学界，这一自主系统将在从海面到海底再返回的过程中描绘整个水柱的物理和化学特性。在回程中，它将采取多达24个水样与修改尼斯金瓶和保压水采样器。采样策略将是灵活的，并且易于编程，以便在特定深度层位（例如，10个深度，间隔在100米和10000米之间）或自适应地基于记录的过渡和盐度、温度、密度或氧含量的自动识别。该系统将在第二个项目年进行两次实验室和海上试验考察。该系统的试验考察将为科学家和学生提供实地机会、样品和数据，以研究北大西洋西部和一个深海海沟（可能是波多黎各海沟）的深海生物、化学和物理过程。探险将侧重于为来自URI和少数民族占主导地位的机构的学生创造机会，特别是在波多黎各，第二次探险可能开始和结束。该项目将通过以下方式向本科生和研究生介绍海洋学仪器的设计和航海研究：㈠根据拟议的仪器开发开设海洋工程设计课程，㈡让本科生和研究生参加考察，㈢在港口地区进行船舶图尔斯参观和介绍，㈣其他研究生研究考察所得的样品和数据。最后，该项目将为科学仪器设计和软件开发方面的研究生培训提供津贴和学费。这些努力将以多种方式解决NSF更广泛的影响标准，包括妇女，残疾人和在科学，技术，工程和数学（STEM）中代表性不足的少数民族的参与，以及发展多元化，具有全球竞争力的STEM劳动力。