Collaborative Research: Fate of Coastal Wetland Carbon Under Increasing Sea Level Rise: Using the Subsiding Louisiana Coast as a Proxy for Future World-Wide Sea Level Projections

合作研究：海平面上升加剧下沿海湿地碳的命运：利用路易斯安那海岸下沉作为未来全球海平面预测的代理

• 批准号: 1635837
• 负责人: Lisa Chambers
• 金额: $ 20万
• 依托单位: The University of Central Florida Board of Trustees
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2016
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2016-09-01 至 2021-11-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1635837&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; Research; Fate; Coastal; Wetland

Coastal Louisiana is currently experiencing net sea level rise at rates higher than most of the world's coastlines and within the global range predicted to occur in the next 65 - 85 years, making Louisiana an ideal site to study potential future impacts of rising sea level on coastal systems. This project will use field collection and controlled tank experiments to study the changing organic carbon cycle resulting from erosion of marsh soils along with its impact on associated biogeochemical processes. The hypothesis tested in this study is that the majority of eroded soil organic carbon is converted to carbon dioxide (CO2) and released to the atmosphere, representing an addition to the anthropogenic input of CO2. This process has not been quantified and could be an important missing component in predictive models of atmospheric CO2 changes. While this process may be of only regional importance today in comparison to other sources of CO2, this study of the Louisiana coast will greatly enhance our full understanding of the potential impacts on the global carbon cycle that may result from coastal erosion as global sea level continues to rise.The project will train graduate and undergraduate students in interdisciplinary research involving marine and wetland biogeochemistry, microbiology, and ecological modeling. It will also fund development of an interactive, educational display on the loss of coastal wetlands for the Louisiana Sea Grant's annual Ocean Commotion educational event attended by area middle and high school students, teachers, and parents. Results from this study may also inform community planners both regionally and worldwide as they prepare for sea level rise in coastal communities.Eustatic sea level rise and regional subsidence have created a much greater rate of coastline loss in Louisiana than is being experienced in most of the world's coastal regions, reaching global rates that are predicted to occur worldwide in 65 - 85 years. This provides a unique potential to extrapolate data from Louisiana's changing coastal carbon cycle to both regional and global models of the future impact of sea level rise and coastal erosion. By quantifying and modeling the importance of CO2 emissions resulting directly from mineralized soil organic matter from eroding coastlines, a missing element can be added to climate change models. The PIs here plan to investigate the fate of the coastal wetland carbon pool as it erodes using field sampling, laboratory analysis, mesocosm manipulations, and the creation of a coupled physical-biogeochemical model for the basin being studied. Beyond quantifying increased CO2 emission, the PIs will also address the potential for increased eutrophication due to input of nutrients from eroded soils, as well as the potential for future contribution to existing hypoxic zones in the northern Gulf of Mexico that result from excessive nutrient input from the Mississippi River watershed.

沿海路易斯安那州目前正经历净海平面上升的速度高于世界上大多数海岸线，并在全球范围内预计将发生在未来65 - 85年，使路易斯安那州成为一个理想的网站，研究海平面上升对沿海系统的潜在影响。该项目将利用实地收集和受控槽实验，研究沿着沼泽土壤侵蚀所造成的有机碳循环变化及其对相关生物地球化学过程的影响。在这项研究中测试的假设是，大多数侵蚀土壤有机碳转化为二氧化碳（CO2），并释放到大气中，代表除了人为输入的CO2。这一过程尚未量化，可能是大气CO2变化预测模型中缺少的一个重要组成部分。虽然这一过程可能是唯一的区域性的重要性，今天相比，其他来源的二氧化碳，这项研究的路易斯安那州海岸将大大提高我们的全面了解的潜在影响，可能会导致从海岸侵蚀全球碳循环作为全球海平面继续上升。该项目将培养研究生和本科生的跨学科研究，涉及海洋和湿地生态地球化学，微生物学，生态模型。它还将资助路易斯安那州海洋赠款计划的年度海洋骚动教育活动，开发一个关于沿海湿地丧失的互动教育展示，该活动由该地区的初中和高中学生、教师和家长参加。这项研究的结果也可以告知区域和世界各地的社区规划者，因为他们准备在沿海社区海平面上升。海平面上升和区域沉降造成了更大的速度海岸线损失在路易斯安那州比正在经历的大多数世界上的沿海地区，达到全球预计将发生在65 - 85年的全球率。这提供了一个独特的潜力，从路易斯安那州不断变化的沿海碳循环的区域和全球模型的海平面上升和海岸侵蚀的未来影响的数据外推。通过量化和模拟侵蚀海岸线的矿化土壤有机质直接导致的二氧化碳排放的重要性，可以为气候变化模型添加一个缺失的元素。这里的PI计划调查沿海湿地碳库的命运，因为它侵蚀使用现场采样，实验室分析，中生态系统的操作，并创建一个耦合的物理-地球化学模型的盆地正在研究。除了量化增加的CO2排放量，PI还将解决由于侵蚀土壤的营养物质输入而导致的富营养化增加的可能性，以及由于密西西比河流域的过量营养物质输入而导致的墨西哥湾北方现有缺氧区未来的贡献。

项目成果

Does edge erosion alter coastal wetland soil properties? A multi-method biogeochemical study

• DOI: 10.1016/j.catena.2019.104373
• 发表时间: 2020-04
• 期刊: Catena
• 影响因子: 6.2
• 作者: H. Steinmuller;M. P. Hayes;N. Hurst;Y. Sapkota;R. Cook;J. White;Z. Xue;Lisa G. Chambers

Investigating the impact of in situ soil organic matter degradation through porewater spectroscopic analyses on marsh edge erosion

• DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.129266
• 发表时间: 2021-04-01
• 期刊: CHEMOSPHERE
• 影响因子: 8.8
• 作者: Hayes, Michael P.;Sapkota, Yadav;Cook, Robert L.
• 通讯作者: Cook, Robert L.

Characterization of coastal wetland soil organic matter: Implications for wetland submergence

沿海湿地土壤有机质的表征：对湿地淹没的影响

• DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.04.405
• 发表时间: 2019
• 期刊: Science of The Total Environment
• 影响因子: 9.8
• 作者: Steinmuller, Havalend E.;Chambers, Lisa G.
• 通讯作者: Chambers, Lisa G.

Understanding the fate of soil organic matter in submerging coastal wetland soils: A microcosm approach

了解淹没沿海湿地土壤中土壤有机质的命运：微观方法

• DOI: 10.1016/j.geoderma.2018.08.020
• 发表时间: 2018
• 期刊: Geoderma
• 影响因子: 6.1
• 作者: Steinmuller, Havalend E.;Dittmer, Kyle M.;White, John R.;Chambers, Lisa G.
• 通讯作者: Chambers, Lisa G.