Collaborative Research: Impact of Convectively-Generated Gravity Waves on Mesoscale Convective Systems

合作研究：对流产生的重力波对中尺度对流系统的影响

• 批准号: 1636667
• 负责人: Rebecca Adams-Selin
• 金额: $ 31.18万
• 依托单位: Atmospheric and Environmental Research Inc
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2016
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2016-11-01 至 2020-04-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1636667&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; Research; Impact; Convectively; Generated

Gravity waves, generated by thunderstorms, are commonly associated with nighttime thunderstorm clusters called "Mesoscale Convective Systems" (MCSs); storm systems that are frequent producers of heavy rainfall and damaging winds. These gravity waves modify both the environment surrounding the MCS and its internal circulation. Considering that even small changes in the surrounding environment or internal circulation have been shown to affect MCS development, improved understanding of these wave processes is important to successful MCS prediction. Gravity waves have been linked to storm intensification and potential severe weather, so improved understanding of these features would lead to improved immediate, short-term forecasts of severe weather risks. This research supports an early career female investigator and one graduate student, and also involves a collaboration between a university and private industry involved in atmospheric research. Knowledge of the MCS gravity wave generation-feedback process, including the influence of microphysical perturbations on this process, will lead to better understanding of MCS development, as well as the sensitivity of convection to these environmental changes. Understanding the extent to which changes in the environment due to convectively generated gravity waves need to be captured to correctly simulate MCSs is a significant step to understanding MCS predictability. Furthermore, knowledge of the gravity wave characteristics produced by an MCS allows inferences to be made about the phase, depth, and intensity of the latent heating profile without direct microphysical observations that can be resource-intensive to obtain. Understanding of the influence of microphysical perturbations upon the generation and impacts of gravity waves will be useful in microphysical parameterization development, leading to better numerical model prediction of convection in general. Model simulations will be compared against actual data from the Plains Elevated Convection at Night (PECAN) Field Campaign.

由雷暴产生的重力波通常与称为“中尺度对流系统”（MCSs）的夜间雷暴团有关；经常产生强降雨和破坏性大风的风暴系统。这些重力波改变了MCS周围的环境和它的内部循环。考虑到即使是周围环境或内部循环的微小变化也会影响MCS的发展，因此提高对这些波过程的理解对于成功预测MCS非常重要。重力波与风暴强度和潜在的恶劣天气有关，因此提高对这些特征的理解将有助于改善对恶劣天气风险的即时、短期预报。这项研究支持一名早期职业女性研究者和一名研究生，还涉及一所大学与参与大气研究的私营企业之间的合作。了解MCS重力波的产生-反馈过程，包括微物理扰动对这一过程的影响，将有助于更好地理解MCS的发展，以及对流对这些环境变化的敏感性。了解由于对流产生的重力波而需要捕获的环境变化程度，以正确模拟MCS，这是理解MCS可预测性的重要一步。此外，对MCS产生的重力波特征的了解，可以在没有直接的微物理观测的情况下，对潜在加热剖面的相位、深度和强度进行推断，而这些观测可能需要大量资源才能获得。了解微物理扰动对重力波产生和影响的影响将有助于微物理参数化的发展，从而更好地预测对流的数值模式。模型模拟将与平原夜间高架对流（PECAN）野外活动的实际数据进行比较。

项目成果

Bore-ing into Nocturnal Convection

• DOI: 10.1175/bams-d-17-0250.1
• 发表时间: 2019-06
• 期刊: Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society
• 影响因子: 8
• 作者: K. Haghi;B. Geerts;H. Chipilski;Aaron Johnson;Samuel K. Degelia;David A. Imy;D. Parsons;R. Adams-Selin;D. Turner;Xuguang Wang

Sensitivity of MCS Low-Frequency Gravity Waves to Microphysical Variations

MCS 低频重力波对微物理变化的敏感性

• DOI: 10.1175/jas-d-19-0347.1
• 发表时间: 2020
• 期刊: Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences
• 影响因子: 3.1
• 作者: Adams-Selin, Rebecca D.

Impact of Convectively Generated Low-Frequency Gravity Waves on Evolution of Mesoscale Convective Systems

对流产生的低频重力波对中尺度对流系统演化的影响

• DOI: 10.1175/jas-d-19-0250.1
• 发表时间: 2020
• 期刊: Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences
• 影响因子: 3.1
• 作者: Adams-Selin, Rebecca D.