RAPID: Global Dependence of Livelihoods on Forests and the Impacts of Forest Investments

本研究解决了可持续发展干预措施能否在多利益攸关方林业项目背景下产生长期效益这一重要问题。多利益攸关方林业项目是一项由多捐助方资助的可持续发展倡议，自2012年以来在尼泊尔21个地区实施。该项目将利用2015年尼泊尔地震发生前在msfp项目地区已经收集到的4200户家庭的数据，重新访问这些家庭进行灾后数据收集，以评估干预措施对家庭和社区地震恢复工作的影响。通过这项研究，指数能够回答以下问题：不同家庭群体对地震和其他灾害影响的脆弱性，构成地震影响的关键社会经济和制度特征，以及可持续发展倡议的个人或集体利益是否更好地支持了地震恢复工作。通过确定对家庭和社区层面的应对能力具有更强积极影响的项目相关利益类型，该研究将展示国际发展项目如何能够增强家庭和社区的复原力，并支持地方更有效地应对灾害。这项研究的数据收集将在国内合作伙伴的支持下进行。该研究还将生成一个面板数据集，其中包括地震前收集的两波数据和地震后收集的新一波数据。该研究将生成一个面板数据集，其中包括地震前收集的两波数据和地震后收集的新一波数据。面板数据集将有助于解决政治科学家、更广泛的社会科学家以及对可持续发展、灾难恢复、治理和影响评估感兴趣的跨学科学者感兴趣的持久问题。个人或集体一级的努力和支助在提高收入和福利、应付不同程度的未预料到的收入和资产冲击以及个人或集体努力相互补充或相互竞争的条件方面是否更有效的问题，涉及社会科学事业的根本问题。通过从个人与社区层面的支持和努力的角度来分析外部干预与当地社会经济变化之间的关系，本研究为可持续发展（例如，围绕不同形式的资本、权利和生计）、灾难恢复（例如，围绕脆弱性、适应能力和复原力）和治理（例如，围绕规则、期望、期望）中使用的不同理论框架的见解打开了大门。以及制度分析)。这项研究将有助于建立一个新的框架，重点关注如何从个人与集体努力和贡献的有效性方面分析公共能力建设干预措施，使其能够从自然灾害中恢复。

General Summary This research addresses the important question of whether sustainable development interventions yield long lasting benefits in the context of the Multi-Stakeholder Forestry Programme, a multi-donor funded sustainable development initiative implemented in 21 districts in Nepal since 2012. The PIs will leverage data already collected on 4200 households in the MSFP-project area immediately before the 2015 earthquake in Nepal by revisiting the same households for post-disaster data collection to assess the impact of the intervention on the earthquake recovery efforts of households and communities. With this research, the PIs are able to answer questions about the vulnerability of different groups of households to earthquake and other disaster impacts, the key socio-economic and institutional characteristics that structured the effects of the earthquake, and whether individual or collective benefits from the sustainable development initiative better supported earthquake recovery efforts. By identifying the types of project-related benefits with stronger positive effects on household and community level coping capacity, the research will show how international development projects can enhance household and community resilience and support local efforts to cope with disasters more effectively. Data collection for the research will be carried out with the support of in-country partners. The research will also generate a panel dataset with two waves of data collected prior to the earthquake and a new wave of data collected after the earthquake. Technical Summary The research will generate a panel dataset with two waves of data collected prior to the earthquake and a new wave of data collected after the earthquake. The panel dataset will help address enduring questions of interest to political scientists, social scientists more generally, and interdisciplinary scholars interested in sustainable development, disaster recovery, governance, and impact evaluation. The question of whether individual or collective level efforts and support are more effective in enhancing incomes and welfare, coping with variable levels of unanticipated income and asset shocks, and the conditions under which individual or collective efforts are complementary or in competition addresses the very roots of the social-scientific enterprise. By casting the relationships between external interventions and local socio-economic changes in terms of individual vs. community level support and efforts, this research opens the doors to insights from disparate theoretical frameworks used in writings on sustainable development (e.g., around different forms of capitals, entitlements, and livelihoods), disaster recovery (e.g., around vulnerability, adaptive capacity, and resilience), and governance (e.g., around rules, expectations, and institutional analysis). This research will contribute to a new framework focusing on how public capacity-building interventions can be analyzed in terms of the effectiveness of individual vs. collective efforts and contributions in enabling recovery from natural disasters.