Doctoral Dissertation Research: The Economic Incorporation of Immigrants Across the 50 United States

博士论文研究：美国 50 州移民的经济融合

• 批准号: 1637083
• 负责人: Patricia McManus
• 金额: $ 0.84万
• 依托单位: Indiana University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2016
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2016-06-15 至 2017-05-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1637083&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Doctoral; Dissertation; Research; Economic; Incorporation

Doctoral Dissertation Research: The Economic Incorporation of Immigrants Across the 50 United StatesThe past two decades have seen an explosion in the number of U.S. state laws targeted at immigrants. To regulate immigrant settlement, states have passed immigration laws that either sought to remove unauthorized immigrants from state jurisdiction or limited state involvement in immigrant removal. To regulate immigrant incorporation, states have passed immigrant rights laws that either excluded immigrants from work opportunities and state benefits or extended these opportunities and benefits to immigrants. While research has shown the detrimental effects of federal enforcement policies on immigrants' economic outcomes, little is known about how state laws impact immigrants' economic well-being. This dissertation asks how state policy shapes the economic incorporation of immigrants and their adult U.S.-born children. It tests the hypothesis that integrative immigrant rights laws are more effective at ensuring a productive immigrant population than laws seeking to remove unauthorized immigrants from state jurisdiction. Because state-level immigration and immigrant rights laws are two distinct types of policy initiatives that could differentially influence immigrants' economic incorporation, the researchers create a state typology by categorizing states on these two axes. The typology is used to: 1) investigate the association between state policy arrangements and immigrants' labor force participation and employment; 2) examine if state policy context exacerbates or decreases the authorized-unauthorized immigrant wage gap; and 3) explore whether the effects of immigration and immigrant rights laws spill over to the U.S.-born children of immigrants' unemployment outcomes. The project applies multi-level quantitative methods to American Community Survey (ACS) and Current Population Survey (CPS) data from the years 1997 through 2014. Because the ACS and CPS do not provide data on legal status, cross-survey multiple imputation will be used to infer unauthorized status. This project anchors public discourse on immigrant integration in objective comparisons of immigrants' economic outcomes over time and across states. Results will enhance our understanding of the factors that foster immigrants? workforce participation and economic security, and can be used to inform future scholarly research and policy alike.

博士论文研究：美国50个州的移民经济一体化在过去的20年里，美国针对移民的州法律数量呈爆炸式增长。为了规范移民安置，各州通过了移民法，试图将未经授权的移民从州司法管辖区驱逐出去，或者限制州政府对移民驱逐的参与。为了规范移民合并，各州通过了移民权利法，要么将移民排除在工作机会和国家福利之外，要么将这些机会和福利扩大到移民。虽然研究显示了联邦执法政策对移民经济结果的不利影响，但关于州法律如何影响移民的经济福祉，人们知之甚少。本论文探讨国家政策如何影响移民及其在美国出生的成年子女的经济融合。它检验了这样一种假设，即综合移民权利法律在确保有生产力的移民人口方面比试图将未经授权的移民从州司法管辖区驱逐出去的法律更有效。由于州级移民和移民权利法是两种不同类型的政策举措，可能会对移民的经济融合产生不同的影响，研究人员通过对这两个轴心上的国家进行分类，创建了一种国家类型学。该类型学用于：1)调查国家政策安排与移民的劳动力参与和就业之间的关联；2)检查国家政策背景是否加剧或缩小了授权-未经授权的移民工资差距；以及3)探索移民和移民权利法律的影响是否溢出到移民失业结果的美国出生的子女。该项目将多层次量化方法应用于美国社区调查(ACS)和当前人口调查(CPS)从1997年到2014年的数据。由于ACS和CPS不提供有关法律地位的数据，将使用交叉调查多重归罪来推断未经授权的状态。该项目在客观比较移民随时间和跨州的经济结果时，巩固了关于移民融合的公共话语。结果将增强我们对促进移民的因素的理解？劳动力参与和经济安全，并可用于为未来的学术研究和政策提供信息。