LTER: The Ecology of Row Crop Ecosystems and Landscapes at the KBS LTER Site

LTER：KBS LTER 站点的中耕作物生态系统和景观的生态学

• 批准号: 1637653
• 负责人: Stephen Hamilton
• 金额: $ 225.4万
• 依托单位: Michigan State University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2016
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2016-12-01 至 2019-11-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1637653&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: LTER; Ecology; Row; Crop; Ecosystems

Agriculture is the dominant land use under direct management by people, and it is one of the biggest agents of global change, with far-reaching impacts on human welfare and the environment. The application of ecological knowledge to improve sustainable agricultural ecosystems remains a recognized grand challenge for environmental science. Since 1988, research at the W.K. Kellogg Biological Station (KBS) LTER has addressed this challenge for row-crop ecosystems and landscapes, by seeking to understand the fundamental ecological underpinnings of these highly managed ecosystems and to reveal ways that ecological knowledge can enhance the long-term sustainability of production agriculture. This renewal award builds on past work to launch an effort to better understand the long-term stability of key ecosystem services afforded by agriculture, with an emphasis on three major drivers: climate change, changes in the science of land management for crop production, and invasive species. Proposed research bears directly on agricultural and environmental management and policies at scales ranging from local to global. The study of agricultural systems also informs ecology because few other ecosystems have such a degree of simplification and control of major environmental drivers. Training graduate students and postdocs is an important component of this project, as is providing research experiences for undergraduates. KBS scientists also will continue to work with K-12 science teachers through an established partnership with 11 nearby school districts. Outreach and extension activities will reach a broad community of stakeholders, and will include a new emphasis on farmers and those who influence farmer decisions.The major scientific foci of the KBS LTER are vulnerability and resilience of cropping systems to drivers of change, and how ecological theory can help design more sustainable crop production. Two overarching questions motivate the research: 1) How do changing environmental drivers affect the resilience of key ecosystem services including crop yield and profitability as well as environmental and socioecological benefits, and 2) To what extent can ecological knowledge help maintain the robust and reliable delivery of these services? Key ecosystem services include crop yield but also extend more broadly to climate stabilization (greenhouse gas emissions), water quality (eutrophication), pest suppression (insect herbivory and predation), and soil fertility (plant-microbe-soil interactions). Knowledge gaps identified from research to date will be addressed with new research lines that include rainfall manipulation experiments, watershed observations, and examinations of rapid evolution of plant-microorganism associations, predator-prey dynamics newly influenced by invasive species and novel pesticides, and long-term changes in farmer attitudes and behaviors.

农业是人们直接管理的主要土地用途，是全球变化的最大推动者之一，对人类福祉和环境具有深远影响。应用生态学知识改善可持续农业生态系统仍然是环境科学公认的重大挑战。 自1988年以来，W.K.凯洛格生物站（KBS）LTER解决了中耕作物生态系统和景观的这一挑战，通过寻求了解这些高度管理的生态系统的基本生态基础，并揭示生态知识可以提高生产农业的长期可持续性的方式。这一更新奖项建立在过去的工作基础上，旨在更好地了解农业提供的关键生态系统服务的长期稳定性，重点关注三个主要驱动因素：气候变化、作物生产土地管理科学的变化和入侵物种。 拟议的研究直接关系到从地方到全球范围的农业和环境管理及政策。对农业系统的研究也为生态学提供了信息，因为很少有其他生态系统对主要环境驱动因素有如此程度的简化和控制。 培养研究生和博士后是该项目的重要组成部分，为本科生提供研究经验也是如此。KBS的科学家还将继续通过与附近11个学区建立的伙伴关系与K-12科学教师合作。外联和推广活动将覆盖广泛的利益攸关方社区，并将包括对农民和影响农民决策的人的新的重视，KBS LTER的主要科学焦点是种植系统对变化驱动因素的脆弱性和恢复力，以及生态理论如何帮助设计更可持续的作物生产。 两个首要问题激发了这项研究：1）不断变化的环境驱动因素如何影响关键生态系统服务的弹性，包括作物产量和盈利能力以及环境和社会生态效益，以及2）生态知识在多大程度上可以帮助保持这些服务的稳健和可靠的交付？ 关键的生态系统服务包括作物产量，但也更广泛地扩展到气候稳定（温室气体排放）、水质（富营养化）、虫害抑制（昆虫植食和捕食）和土壤肥力（植物-微生物-土壤相互作用）。 从研究到目前为止确定的知识差距将通过新的研究路线来解决，这些研究路线包括降雨操纵实验，流域观测，植物-微生物协会的快速进化，入侵物种和新型农药新影响的捕食者-猎物动态以及农民态度和行为的长期变化。

项目成果

Warming during maternal generations delays offspring germination in native and nonnative species

• DOI: 10.1111/oik.08345
• 发表时间: 2021-09
• 期刊: Oikos
• 影响因子: 3.4
• 作者: M. A. Zettlemoyer;J. Lau

The National Eutrophication Survey: lake characteristics and historical nutrient concentrations

• DOI: 10.5194/essd-10-81-2018
• 发表时间: 2017-07
• 期刊: Earth System Science Data
• 影响因子: 11.4
• 作者: J. Stachelek;C. Ford;D. Kincaid;Katelyn B. S. King;H. Miller;R. Nagelkirk

Non-destructive spatial analysis of phosphatase activity and total protein distribution in the rhizosphere using a root blotting method

• DOI: 10.1016/j.soilbio.2020.107820
• 发表时间: 2020-07
• 期刊: Soil Biology & Biochemistry
• 影响因子: 9.7
• 作者: Vivian S. Lin;J. Rosnow;Monee Y. McGrady;Darian N. Smercina;Jamie R. Nuñez;R. Renslow;J. Moran

Ecosystem carbon exchange on conversion of Conservation Reserve Program grasslands to annual and perennial cropping systems

• DOI: 10.1016/j.agrformet.2018.02.016
• 发表时间: 2018-05-01
• 期刊: AGRICULTURAL AND FOREST METEOROLOGY
• 影响因子: 6.2
• 作者: Abraha, Michael;Hamilton, Stephen K.;Robertson, G. Philip
• 通讯作者: Robertson, G. Philip

Plant community composition influences fine root production and biomass allocation in perennial bioenergy cropping systems of the upper Midwest, USA

• DOI: 10.1016/j.biombioe.2017.07.007
• 发表时间: 2017-10
• 期刊: Biomass & Bioenergy
• 影响因子: 6
• 作者: Christine D. Sprunger;L. Oates;R. Jackson;G. Robertson