Collaborative Proposal: Dimensions: The evolution of novel interactions within a network of plant, insect and microbial biodiversity

合作提案：维度：植物、昆虫和微生物生物多样性网络内新颖相互作用的演变

• 批准号: 1638602
• 负责人: Christian Buerkle
• 金额: $ 26.16万
• 依托单位: University of Wyoming
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2016
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2016-09-01 至 2022-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1638602&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; Proposal; Dimensions; evolution; novel

All species on earth interact with other species in complicated networks that include plants, animals, and microbes. These interaction networks have long fascinated biologists, who are interested in why some species depend on each other and in how these relationships matter for maintenance of biodiversity. For example, why do most insects that eat plants consume only a few types of plants in any one location? And, how did it happen that many of these insects depend on beneficial microbes (fungi and bacteria) that are found nowhere else except with those insects. This project will explore how such specialized interactions arise. Specifically, researchers will investigate the evolution of new interactions among insects, microbes, and an economically important plant (alfalfa) in western North America. By identifying the key factors that underlie the insect-microbe-plant interactions in this study system, the research will fill a substantial gap in our understanding of the diversity of life, and enhance our ability to predict how global change will affect biological diversity and ecosystem function. The researchers will also engage and collaborate with the public through a discovery-based citizen science program, and will develop new analytical tools to benefit other scientists who are interested in how species come to depend on each another.This project examines a complex network of interacting biodiversity, including macroscopic and microscopic organisms, to answer a fundamental question: What role does biodiversity play in the evolution and maintenance of novel interactions? The research team takes advantage of a well-studied plant-insect-microbe system to investigate the importance of multiple layers of inter- and intra-specific diversity for predicting the evolution of novel interactions, specifically the colonization of alfalfa by the Melissa blue butterfly and microbes. The project combines a systems approach to biological complexity with manipulations that allow the researchers to integrate three focal dimensions of biodiversity: (1) functional diversity, encompassing how variation in phytochemistry, larval performance, and butterfly egg-laying preference are shaped by microbial, fungal, plant and caterpillar interactions; (2) genetic diversity, including the role of genomic variation within and among populations of interacting plants and insects, both in the wild and in an experiment context; and (3) phylogenetic diversity, focusing on gut bacteria in insects, as well as fungal and bacterial endophytes in plants.

地球上的所有物种都在复杂的网络中与其他物种相互作用，包括植物，动物和微生物。这些相互作用网络长期以来一直吸引着生物学家，他们感兴趣的是为什么一些物种相互依赖，以及这些关系对维持生物多样性的重要性。例如，为什么大多数以植物为食的昆虫在任何一个地方只吃几种植物？而且，为什么这些昆虫中的许多依赖于有益的微生物（真菌和细菌），而这些微生物除了这些昆虫之外在其他地方都找不到。本项目将探讨这种专门的相互作用是如何产生的。 具体来说，研究人员将调查昆虫，微生物和北美西部经济重要植物（苜蓿）之间新的相互作用的演变。 通过确定该研究系统中昆虫-微生物-植物相互作用的关键因素，该研究将填补我们对生命多样性理解的重大空白，并提高我们预测全球变化如何影响生物多样性和生态系统功能的能力。研究人员还将通过一个以发现为基础的公民科学计划与公众进行互动和合作，并将开发新的分析工具，以造福其他对物种如何相互依赖感兴趣的科学家。该项目研究了一个复杂的生物多样性相互作用网络，包括宏观和微观生物，以回答一个基本问题：生物多样性在新的相互作用的进化和维持中发挥什么作用？该研究小组利用一个经过充分研究的植物-昆虫-微生物系统来研究多层次的种间和种内多样性对于预测新型相互作用的进化的重要性，特别是梅丽莎蓝蝶和微生物对苜蓿的定殖。该项目将生物复杂性的系统方法与操作相结合，使研究人员能够整合生物多样性的三个焦点维度：（1）功能多样性，包括微生物，真菌，植物和毛虫相互作用如何塑造植物化学，幼虫表现和蝴蝶产卵偏好的变化;（2）遗传多样性，包括在野生环境和实验环境中相互作用的植物和昆虫种群内和种群之间基因组变异的作用;（3）系统发育多样性，主要集中在昆虫的肠道细菌以及植物的真菌和细菌内生菌。

项目成果

Model‐based genotype and ancestry estimation for potential hybrids with mixed‐ploidy

基于模型的混合倍体潜在杂交种的基因型和祖先估计

• DOI: 10.1111/1755-0998.13330
• 发表时间: 2021
• 期刊: Molecular Ecology Resources
• 影响因子: 7.7
• 作者: Shastry, Vivaswat;Adams, Paula E.;Lindtke, Dorothea;Mandeville, Elizabeth G.;Parchman, Thomas L.;Gompert, Zachariah;Buerkle, C. Alex
• 通讯作者: Buerkle, C. Alex