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Closing the Regional Ammonia and Nitrous Oxide Budgets of an Intensive Agricultural Region

关闭集约农业区的区域氨和一氧化二氮预算

基本信息

批准号：
1640337
负责人：
Timothy Griffis
金额：
$ 49.9万
依托单位：
University of Minnesota-Twin Cities
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
Standard Grant
财政年份：
2016
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2016-10-01 至 2021-09-30
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1640337&HistoricalAwards=false
关键词：
Closing Regional Ammonia Nitrous Oxide

项目摘要

Agricultural intensification is increasing the emissions of ammonia and nitrous oxide that are altering regional atmospheric chemistry and global climate, respectively. The US Corn Belt is one of the five major ammonia hotspot observed by satellites largely from the high density of large cattle and swine operations there. The emitted ammonia can deposit on soils downwind and this can promote nitrous oxide production. The proposal will integrate measurements and modeling to quantify how ammonia fluxes amplify nitrous oxide emissions in the continental US. The science will help develop best practices that are sustainable in the future.The research focus on analysis of ammonia fluxes and nitrous oxide exchange at natural and agricultural systems improve the mechanistic understanding model representations of these processes. The proposal focuses on the following tasks: (1) High precision and near-continuous measurement of ammonia at the University of Minnesota Tall Tower Trace Gas Observatory and using the results for model validation of its source transport and deposition; (2) Perform intensive field campaigns to characterize the landscape in the context of bi-directional NH3 exchange. (3) Simulate high-resolution atmospheric Nr deposition using regional and global models for constraining the soil nitrogen cycling and nitrous emissions. The models will be evaluated against the high-density data sets prior to their use for high-resolution regional scale deposition and nitrous oxide emission modeling. The research will test hypotheses that ammonia deposition impacts regional nitrous oxide emissions and determine constrained emission factors for this volatization in regional (continental US) models.

农业集约化正在增加氨和一氧化二氮的排放，这两种物质分别改变着区域大气化学和全球气候。美国玉米带是卫星观测到的五大氨气热点之一，主要是因为那里的大型牛和猪养殖场密度很高。排放的氨可以沉积在下风向土壤中，这可以促进一氧化二氮的产生。该提案将把测量和建模结合起来，以量化氨通量如何放大美国大陆的一氧化二氮排放。这项科学将有助于发展未来可持续的最佳实践。研究重点放在分析自然和农业系统中的氨通量和一氧化二氮交换，以提高对这些过程的机理理解和模型表示。该提案侧重于以下任务：(1)在明尼苏达大学塔尔塔微量气体观测站对氨进行高精度和近连续的测量，并利用结果对其来源、传输和沉积进行模型验证；(2)开展密集的实地活动，在NH3双向交换的背景下描述地貌。(3)利用区域和全球模式模拟高分辨率大气氮沉降，以约束土壤氮素循环和氮素排放。在将这些模型用于高分辨率区域尺度沉积和一氧化二氮排放模拟之前，将对照高密度数据集对其进行评估。这项研究将检验氨沉积影响区域一氧化二氮排放的假设，并在区域(美国大陆)模式中确定这种挥发的限制排放系数。

项目成果

期刊论文数量（5）

专著数量（0）

科研奖励数量（0）

会议论文数量（0）

专利数量（0）

Nitrous oxide emissions are enhanced in a warmer and wetter world

DOI：
10.1073/pnas.1704552114
发表时间：
2017-11-07
期刊：
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
影响因子：
11.1
作者：
Griffis, Timothy J.;Chen, Zichong;Turner, Peter A.
通讯作者：
Turner, Peter A.

Tall Tower Ammonia Observations and Emission Estimates in the U.S. Midwest

DOI：
10.1029/2019jg005172
发表时间：
2019-11
期刊：
Journal of Geophysical Research: Biogeosciences
影响因子：
0
作者：
T. Griffis;Cheng Hu;John M. Baker;Jeffrey D. Wood;Dylan B. Millet;M. Erickson;Zhongjie Yu;M. J. Deventer;Cody Winker;Zichong Chen
通讯作者：
T. Griffis;Cheng Hu;John M. Baker;Jeffrey D. Wood;Dylan B. Millet;M. Erickson;Zhongjie Yu;M. J. Deventer;Cody Winker;Zichong Chen

Warming temperatures lead to reduced summer carbon sequestration in the U.S. Corn Belt