Ethane Measurements in the Intermediate Depth South Pole Ice Core (SPICECORE)

南极中深度冰芯中的乙烷测量 (SPICECORE)

• 批准号: 1644245
• 负责人: Murat Aydin
• 金额: $ 42.73万
• 依托单位: University of California-Irvine
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2017
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2017-03-01 至 2020-02-29
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1644245&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Ethane; Measurements; Intermediate; Depth; South

Aydin/1644245This award supports a project to measure ethane in ice core air extracted from the recently drilled intermediate depth South Pole ice core (SPICECORE). Ethane is an abundant hydrocarbon in the atmosphere. The ice core samples that will be used in this analysis will span about 150 years before present to about 55,000 years before present and therefore, ethane emissions linked to human activities are not a subject of this study. The study will focus on quantifying the variability in the natural sources of ethane and the processes that govern its removal from the atmosphere. A long-term ice core ethane record will provide new knowledge on the chemistry of Earth?s atmosphere during time periods when human influence was either much smaller than present day or non-existent. The broader impacts of this work include education and training of students and a contribution to a better understanding of the chemistry of the atmosphere in the past and how it has been impacted by past changes in climate. Natural sources that emit ethane are both geologic (e.g. seeps, vents, mud volcanoes etc.) and pyrogenic (wild fires) which is commonly called biomass burning. Ethane is removed from the atmosphere via oxidation reactions. The ice core ethane measurements have great potential as a proxy for gaseous emissions from biomass burning. This is especially true for time periods preceding the industrial revolution when atmospheric variability of trace gases was largely controlled by natural processes. Another objective of this study is to improve understanding of the causes of atmospheric methane variability apparent which are in the existing ice core records. Methane is a simpler hydrocarbon than ethane and more abundant in the atmosphere. Even though the project does not include any methane measurements; the commonalities between the sources and removal of atmospheric ethane and methane mean that ethane measurements can be used to gain insight into the causes of changes in atmospheric methane levels. The broader impacts of the project include partial support for one Ph.D. student and support for undergraduate researchers at UC Irvine. The PIs group currently has 4 undergraduate researchers. The PI and the graduate students in the UCI ice core laboratory regularly participate in on- and off-campus activities such as laboratory tours and lectures directed towards educating high-school students and science teachers, and the local community at large about the scientific value of polar ice cores as an environmental record of our planet's past. The results of this research will be disseminated via peer-review publications and will contribute to policy-relevant activities such as the IPCC Climate Assessment. Data resulting from this project will be archived in a national data repository. This award does not have field work in Antarctica.

艾丹/1644245该奖项支持一个项目，以测量从最近钻取的中等深度南极冰芯（SPICECORE）中提取的冰芯空气中的乙烷。乙烷是大气中含量丰富的碳氢化合物。用于分析的冰芯样本将跨越距今约150年至距今约55，000年，因此，与人类活动有关的乙烷排放不是本研究的主题。该研究将侧重于量化乙烷的自然来源的可变性以及控制其从大气中去除的过程。一个长期的冰芯乙烷记录将提供关于地球化学的新知识？在人类的影响比现在小得多或不存在的时期，地球的大气层。这项工作的更广泛影响包括对学生的教育和培训，以及有助于更好地了解过去大气的化学性质以及过去气候变化对大气的影响。排放乙烷的天然来源既有地质来源（如渗漏、喷口、泥火山等），以及通常称为生物质燃烧的热致（野火）。乙烷通过氧化反应从大气中除去。冰芯乙烷的测量有很大的潜力作为一个代理的气体排放量从生物质燃烧。在工业革命之前，大气中痕量气体的变化主要受自然过程的控制，这一点尤其如此。这项研究的另一个目的是提高对现有冰芯记录中大气甲烷明显变化原因的理解。甲烷是一种比乙烷更简单的碳氢化合物，在大气中更丰富。尽管该项目不包括任何甲烷测量;大气中乙烷和甲烷的来源和去除之间的共性意味着乙烷测量可用于深入了解大气甲烷水平变化的原因。该项目的更广泛影响包括为一名博士提供部分支助。为加州大学欧文分校的本科研究人员提供支持。PI组目前有4名本科生研究人员。PI和UCI冰芯实验室的研究生定期参加校内和校外活动，如实验室图尔斯参观和讲座，旨在教育高中学生和科学教师，以及当地社区了解极地冰芯作为地球过去环境记录的科学价值。这项研究的结果将通过同行审查出版物传播，并将有助于与政策有关的活动，如气专委的气候评估。该项目产生的数据将在国家数据储存库中存档。该奖项没有在南极洲的实地考察。

项目成果

Supplementary Information for: Large changes in biomass burning over the last millennium inferred from paleoatmospheric ethane in polar ice cores

补充信息：从极地冰芯中的古大气乙烷推断出过去千年生物质燃烧的巨大变化

• 发表时间: 2018
• 期刊: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
• 影响因子: 11.1
• 作者: Melinda R. Nicewonger, Murat Aydin

Large changes in biomass burning over the last millennium inferred from paleoatmospheric ethane in polar ice cores

• DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1807172115
• 发表时间: 2018-11
• 期刊: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
• 作者: M. R. Nicewonger;M. Aydin;M. Prather;E. Saltzman

Reconstruction of Paleofire Emissions Over the Past Millennium From Measurements of Ice Core Acetylene

• DOI: 10.1029/2019gl085101
• 发表时间: 2020-02
• 期刊: Geophysical Research Letters
• 影响因子: 5.2
• 作者: M. R. Nicewonger;M. Aydin;M. Prather;E. Saltzman