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RAPID: Decline and Resilience of White Ash Populations during an Emerald Ash Borer Invasion

快速：白蜡虫入侵期间白蜡种群的减少和恢复能力

基本信息

批准号：
1644618
负责人：
Joy Ward
金额：
$ 18.88万
依托单位：
University of Kansas Center for Research Inc
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
Standard Grant
财政年份：
2016
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2016-07-01 至 2019-06-30
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1644618&HistoricalAwards=false
关键词：
RAPID Decline Resilience White Ash

项目摘要

This research represents a time dependent opportunity to better understand how white ash trees decline and potentially resist the invasive emerald ash borer beetle that threatens to eliminate ash trees from North America. The emerald ash borer was recently detected at a field station at the University of Kansas where 44 different populations of white ash from throughout the species range are all planted in one field site. The research will focus on understanding the effects of emerald ash borer on white ash populations that exhibit variations in physiology as a result of being adapted to different environments from which they originated. This variation may be key for understanding tree decline and potential resistance in response to emerald ash borer. The research will identify white ash populations that show rapid decline, slow decline, and no decline in response to emerald ash borer infestation, and identify mechanism(s) of ash mortality and potential resistance to emerald ash borers. Middle school students will be introduced to scientific research on important local tree species through active-learning sessions on invasive species and their effects on native vegetation. The results will inform public audiences on the effects of invasive species on conservation of native trees, and disruption of important ecosystem services provided by native plants. This research will determine mechanisms of intraspecific ash decline and potential resistance to the emerald ash borer that threatens to functionally extirpate the ash genus from North America. Emerald ash borer was recently detected at a white ash (Fraxinus americana) common garden site at the University of Kansas Field Station where 44 provenances from throughout the species range have been growing for several decades. Intraspecific variation in ash resistance to emerald ash borer is poorly understood and may be the key to maintaining the functional presence of ash in North America. This research will (1) identify potential white ash provenances with resistance to emerald ash borer and delineate critical compounds that contribute to this resistance; (2) determine the importance of physiological stress, emerald ash borer population density, and physical resistance capacity in ash response to emerald ash borer infestation; and (3) identify the physiological mechanism(s) of emerald ash borer-caused ash mortality. Measurements will be made of putative resistance compounds in phloem and the rate of wound-healing in mechanically-damaged phloem, as well as hydraulic status and potential for carbon starvation in dying (and resistant) trees as the emerging emerald ash borer infestation proceeds. The principle investigator will serve as a mentor for middle school students and will host active-learning sessions on invasive species and their effects on ecosystems. Undergraduate students will gain valuable hands-on research experience through assisting the principle investigator and postdoctoral fellow in data collection, writing of manuscripts, and outreach activities.

这项研究代表了一个时间依赖的机会，以更好地了解如何白色灰树下降，并可能抵御入侵的祖母绿灰螟甲虫，威胁要消除灰树从北美。最近，在堪萨斯大学的一个野外工作站发现了这种祖母绿灰螟，在那里，来自整个物种范围的44个不同的白色灰种群都种植在一个野外地点。这项研究将侧重于了解祖母绿灰螟对白色灰种群的影响，这些种群由于适应了它们起源的不同环境而表现出生理变化。这种变化可能是了解树木衰退和对绿白蜡虫潜在抗性的关键。这项研究将确定白色灰种群，显示快速下降，缓慢下降，并没有下降，在响应祖母绿灰螟侵扰，并确定机制（S）灰死亡率和潜在的抗祖母绿灰螟。中学生将通过积极学习入侵物种及其对本地植被的影响，了解重要的本地树种的科学研究。结果将告知公众入侵物种对保护本土树木的影响，以及本土植物提供的重要生态系统服务的破坏。这项研究将确定种内灰下降的机制和对威胁到从北美功能上消灭灰属的祖母绿灰螟的潜在抗性。最近在堪萨斯大学野外站的一个白色白蜡树（白蜡树美洲）普通花园地点发现了祖母绿灰螟，那里有44个种源，来自整个物种范围，已经生长了几十年。种内变化的灰抗祖母绿灰螟是知之甚少，可能是保持在北美的功能存在的灰。本研究将（1）确定潜在的白色灰种源与抗绿白蜡螟和描绘的关键化合物，有助于这种电阻;（2）确定的重要性，生理压力，绿白蜡螟种群密度，和物理抗性能力的灰响应绿白蜡螟侵扰;和（3）确定的生理机制（S）绿白蜡螟引起的灰死亡率。测量将由推定的电阻化合物在韧皮部和机械损坏的韧皮部的伤口愈合的速度，以及液压状态和潜在的碳饥饿在垂死（和耐）树木作为新兴的翡翠灰螟侵扰的收益。主要研究者将担任中学生的导师，并将主持关于入侵物种及其对生态系统影响的积极学习课程。本科生将通过协助主要研究者和博士后研究员进行数据收集、撰写手稿和外展活动，获得宝贵的实践研究经验。