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EAGER: Climatic drivers of demography and reproductive behavior of tropical birds

EAGER：热带鸟类人口统计和繁殖行为的气候驱动因素

基本信息

批准号：
1646806
负责人：
W Alice Boyle
金额：
$ 20万
依托单位：
Kansas State University
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
Standard Grant
财政年份：
2016
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2016-12-01 至 2019-11-30
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1646806&HistoricalAwards=false
关键词：
EAGER Climatic drivers demography reproductive

项目摘要

Weather has a large impact on where animals are found and how they live. We know a lot about how seasonal patterns of temperature (winter vs. summer) impact the animals around us, but we rarely consider how seasonal patterns of rainfall might impact animals in considerably different ways. Such impacts are especially likely near the equator, where the temperature is always high and seasons can swing dramatically between "wet" and "dry". This project will test how a tropical bird manages to thrive in an area that experiences periods of extremely high rainfall. This type of study is important for helping us understand how changing climate may impact animals, especially in places like the tropics that contain a large number of species that are found nowhere else. Results of this research have the potential to change how we view the role of climate in the lives of tropical organisms. One of the classic paradigms in tropical ecology is that year-round warmth and humidity frees organisms from climatic stressors and constraints, releasing them from energetic limitations and heightening the importance of biological interactions in shaping life history and behavior. This project is intellectually risky because it challenges this deeply entrenched view. The investigator proposes that precipitation extremes limit fitness and tests the hypothesis that precipitation-fitness relationships are unimodal. The work builds upon more than a decade of studies on a small, tropical, frugivorous, lek-breeding bird -- the White-ruffed Manakin (Corapipo altera) -- in Central American montane forests. The investigator will elucidate responses of manakins to variation in long-term mean precipitation regimes and short-term rainfall events across populations spanning moderately wet to extremely wet forests on both the Pacific and Caribbean slopes of Costa Rica. Mechanistic links will be sought between high rainfall and manakin survival, body condition, and reproduction. Additionally, previously-documented reproductive behavior and lek attributes will be contrasted with data from two new focal populations on the Caribbean slope, testing proposed climatic constraints on sexually-selected behavior at leks. Two PhD students and four undergraduate students will be mentored in research and the team will produce educational materials for use in public schools.

天气对动物的发现地点和它们的生活方式有很大的影响。我们知道很多关于温度的季节性模式（冬季与夏季）如何影响我们周围的动物，但我们很少考虑季节性降雨模式如何以不同的方式影响动物。这种影响在赤道附近尤其可能，那里的温度总是很高，季节可以在“潮湿”和“干燥”之间剧烈摆动。这个项目将测试一种热带鸟类如何在一个降雨量极高的地区茁壮成长。这种类型的研究对于帮助我们了解气候变化如何影响动物非常重要，特别是在热带地区，那里有大量其他地方没有的物种。这项研究的结果有可能改变我们如何看待气候在热带生物生活中的作用。热带生态学的经典范例之一是，全年的温暖和湿度使生物体摆脱气候压力和限制，使它们摆脱能量限制，并提高了生物相互作用在塑造生命史和行为方面的重要性。这个项目在智力上是有风险的，因为它挑战了这个根深蒂固的观点。研究人员提出，降水极端限制健身和测试的假设，降水健身关系是单峰的。这项工作建立在对中美洲山地森林中一种小型热带食果鸟类白皱侏儒鸟（Corapipo altera）的十多年研究的基础上。调查员将阐明的manakins的变化，在长期平均降水制度和短期降雨事件的人口跨越中度潮湿到极度潮湿的森林在太平洋和加勒比海的斜坡上的哥斯达黎加。高降雨量和侏儒鸟的生存，身体状况和繁殖之间的机械联系将被寻找。此外，以前记录的生殖行为和列克属性将对比从两个新的焦点人群在加勒比海斜坡的数据，测试拟议的气候限制性选择行为在列克。两名博士生和四名本科生将接受研究指导，该团队将制作供公立学校使用的教育材料。