CAREER:Quantifying Radiation Damage in Metals with Wigner Energy Spectral Fingerprints

职业：利用维格纳能谱指纹量化金属的辐射损伤

• 批准号: 1654548
• 负责人: Michael Short
• 金额: $ 64.33万
• 依托单位: Massachusetts Institute of Technology
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2017
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2017-06-01 至 2022-05-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1654548&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: CAREER; Quantifying; Radiation; Damage; Metals

Non-Technical The concept of "damage" to a metal remains difficult to quantify. Metals are among our most important structural materials, providing the backbone to everything from buildings, to bridges, to nuclear reactors. If we had a universal way to measure damage, we would be able to better predict when metals would fail, measure their degradation during service, and design new metals to be both longer-lasting and more economical. The use of stored energy fingerprints is proposed as a way to quantify damage to metals from any damaging process. We focus on radiation damage as an ideal way to make all the types of defects found in metals. A two-pronged experimental and simulation approach will be used to quantify and understand these stored energy fingerprints, relating them directly to the defects created by damage. Immediate applications of this work range from reconciling the differences between ion and neutron irradiation, to predicting material property changes due to radiation damage, to verifying the historical usage of uranium enrichment centrifuges. This enhanced understanding will also be the key to lowering the barriers to its study, creating completely new opportunities for both hands-on instruction and inclusion of more underrepresented minority (URM) students into what is currently one of the least diverse fields in STEM.Technical Our ability to understand how materials respond to damage is limited by our lack of understanding about the precise populations of microstructural defects created during damage processes. Nowhere is this issue more prevalent than in the field of radiation materials science, where the lack of a measurable unit of radiation damage continues to obfuscate the quantitative mechanisms responsible for the degradation of material properties under ionizing irradiation. Were the full populations of every defect in a damaged material to be known, then its material properties could be predicted with existing structure-property relations. We propose to use stored energy fingerprints to visualize the full plethora of defects resulting from damage of any kind, particularly irradiation. We draw inspiration from a long-neglected idea stating that radiation damage should store energy like amorphization or cold work. This idea is extended to describe all forms of microstructural damage in metals, in a measurable way which reveals the defects responsible. Using time-accelerated parallel replica dynamics simulations and ultra-fast nanocalorimetric measurements, we will directly link simulated and measured stored energy releases at the mesoscale, with atomistic understanding. This will enable a posteriori measurements of stored energy fingerprints of damaged metals, revealing the atomic configurations and quantities of defects responsible. Thus we seek to provide the full picture of defects resulting from damage, demonstrate a method to measure them, explain their evolution using atomistic simulations, and create unifying theories to predict the defect structures and resultant material properties resulting from damage in metals.

对金属“损害”的概念仍然难以量化。金属是我们最重要的结构材料之一，为从建筑物到桥梁，再到核反应堆的一切提供了支柱。如果我们有一种通用的方法来测量损坏，我们将能够更好地预测金属何时会失效，测量它们在使用过程中的退化，并设计出更持久、更经济的新金属。储能指纹的使用被提出作为一种量化任何破坏过程对金属的损伤的方法。我们专注于辐射损伤作为一种理想的方法，使所有类型的缺陷在金属中发现。一个双管齐下的实验和模拟方法将被用来量化和理解这些存储的能量指纹，将它们直接与损坏造成的缺陷。这项工作的直接应用范围从调和离子辐照和中子辐照之间的差异，到预测辐射损伤引起的材料性质变化，再到核查铀浓缩离心机的历史使用情况。这一认识的提高也将是降低其研究障碍的关键，为实践教学和纳入更多代表性不足的少数民族（URM）创造全新的机会技术我们了解材料如何对损伤作出反应的能力受到限制，因为我们缺乏对所产生的微观结构缺陷的精确数量的了解。在损坏过程中。在辐射材料科学领域，这一问题最为普遍，因为缺乏可测量的辐射损伤单位，继续使电离辐射下材料性能退化的定量机制变得模糊不清。如果损伤材料中每一个缺陷的全部数量都是已知的，那么它的材料性能就可以用现有的结构-性能关系来预测。我们建议使用存储的能量指纹可视化的缺陷造成的任何类型的损害，特别是辐射的充分过剩。我们从一个长期被忽视的想法中得到灵感，即辐射损伤应该像非晶化或冷加工一样储存能量。这一想法被扩展到描述金属中所有形式的微观结构损伤，以可测量的方式揭示了负责的缺陷。使用时间加速的并行副本动力学模拟和超快纳米量热测量，我们将直接将模拟和测量的中尺度储存能量释放与原子理解联系起来。这将使受损金属的存储能量指纹的后验测量成为可能，揭示原子结构和缺陷的数量。因此，我们试图提供完整的图片所造成的损伤缺陷，展示了一种方法来测量它们，解释它们的演变使用原子模拟，并创建统一的理论来预测缺陷结构和由此产生的材料性能造成的金属损伤。

项目成果

Achieving exceptional radiation tolerance with crystalline-amorphous nanocrystalline structures

• DOI: 10.1016/j.actamat.2019.12.058
• 发表时间: 2020-03
• 期刊: Acta Materialia
• 影响因子: 9.4
• 作者: Miaomiao Jin;P. Cao;M. Short

Potential energy landscape activations governing plastic flows in glass rheology

• DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1907317116
• 发表时间: 2019-09-17
• 期刊: PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
• 影响因子: 11.1
• 作者: Cao, Penghui;Short, Michael P.;Yip, Sidney
• 通讯作者: Yip, Sidney

Measuring Effects of Radiation on Precipitates in Aluminum 7075-T6 Using Differential Scanning Calorimetry

使用差示扫描量热法测量辐射对铝 7075-T6 中沉淀物的影响

• DOI: 10.1115/icone26-82457
• 发表时间: 2018
• 期刊: Proceedings of the 2018 26th International Conference on Nuclear Engineering ICONE26
• 作者: Connick, Rachel C.;Hirst, Charles A.;Cao, Penghui;So, Kangpyo;Kemp, R. Scott;Short, Michael P.
• 通讯作者: Short, Michael P.

Understanding the mechanisms of amorphous creep through molecular simulation

• DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1708618114
• 发表时间: 2017-12-26
• 期刊: PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
• 影响因子: 11.1
• 作者: Cao, Penghui;Short, Michael P.;Yip, Sidney
• 通讯作者: Yip, Sidney