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Midbrain electrosensory processing in a mormyrid fish: multimodal integration, recurrent feedback, and cerebellar influence

斑鸠鱼的中脑电感觉处理：多模态整合、循环反馈和小脑影响

基本信息

批准号：
1656354
负责人：
Nathaniel Sawtell
金额：
$ 75万
依托单位：
Columbia University
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
Standard Grant
财政年份：
2017
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2017-07-01 至 2020-06-30
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1656354&HistoricalAwards=false
关键词：
Midbrain electrosensory processing mormyrid fish

项目摘要

Our ability to perceive, move, think, and remember arises from interactions between networks of neurons in the brain. Neuroscience research seeks to understand such interactions. However, in many cases, progress has been slow because the parts list is too long and the parts themselves are too complex. This project takes advantage of an unusual animal--a fish that emits its own electrical field, in which the individual brain structures are sufficiently simple and well-studied that their interactions can be understood in great detail. Specific goals of this project are to define the function of feedback or "backward" connections from higher to lower stages of sensory processing as well as the function of connections between the cerebellum and sensory processing regions. Feedback and cerebellar connections are believed to be critical for sensory processing in humans and have been implicated in neurological disorders such as autism, but our knowledge is sketchy and insufficient or designing treatments. By providing detailed information about such interactions in a simpler system, this project will serve as a foundation for understanding interactions in more complex systems such as the human brain. The investigator will use the resources developed from this project's research activities to improve science literacy and education regionally, nationally, and internationally. By virtue of their tractable electrosensory and electromotor systems mormyrid fish have proven to be a valuable model system for linking structure and function in neural circuits. Studies of the first processing stage for the electrosense in the electrosensory lobe (ELL) have produced a fairly complete and well-tested model in which an experimentally measured form of spike timing-dependent synaptic plasticity acts on well-described motor corollary discharge responses to predict and cancel out self-generated sensory inputs. Anatomical studies have mapped central electrosensory pathways and behavioral studies have documented sophisticated electrolocation abilities that likely depend on higher-level neural processing. However physiological studies of higher stages of electrosensory processing are needed to link structure and function. The goal of this project is to provide the first in depth characterization of the midbrain lateral toral nucleus (NL)--the next major processing stage after ELL. The investigators' approach will include intracellular and extracellular electrophysiology in awake preparations, simultaneous behavioral measurements, and circuit manipulations. Proposed experiments will test specific hypotheses regarding NL function while at the same time addressing a number of general issues in neuroscience including multimodal integration, functions of recurrent feedback, and roles of the cerebellum in sensory processing.

我们感知、移动、思考和记忆的能力源于大脑神经元网络之间的相互作用。神经科学研究旨在了解这种相互作用。然而，在许多情况下，进展缓慢，因为零件清单太长且零件本身太复杂。该项目利用了一种不寻常的动物——一种能够发射自己的电场的鱼，其中个体的大脑结构非常简单并且经过充分研究，可以非常详细地理解它们之间的相互作用。该项目的具体目标是定义从感觉处理的较高阶段到较低阶段的反馈或“向后”连接的功能，以及小脑和感觉处理区域之间的连接功能。反馈和小脑连接被认为对于人类的感觉处理至关重要，并且与自闭症等神经系统疾病有关，但我们的知识是粗略的，并且不足以设计治疗方法。通过提供有关更简单系统中此类交互的详细信息，该项目将为理解人脑等更复杂系统中的交互奠定基础。研究者将利用该项目研究活动开发的资源来提高地区、国家和国际的科学素养和教育。凭借其易于处理的电感觉和电动系统，斑鸠鱼已被证明是连接神经回路结构和功能的有价值的模型系统。对电感觉叶 (ELL) 中电感觉第一处理阶段的研究已经产生了一个相当完整且经过充分测试的模型，其中实验测量的尖峰时间依赖性突触可塑性形式作用于明确描述的运动推论放电响应，以预测和消除自身产生的感觉输入。解剖学研究绘制了中枢电感觉通路，行为研究记录了复杂的电定位能力，这可能依赖于更高层次的神经处理。然而，需要对电传感处理的高级阶段进行生理学研究，以将结构和功能联系起来。该项目的目标是提供中脑外侧托核 (NL) 的首次深入表征——ELL 后的下一个主要处理阶段。研究人员的方法将包括清醒准备中的细胞内和细胞外电生理学、同步行为测量和电路操作。拟议的实验将测试有关 NL 功能的具体假设，同时解决神经科学中的许多一般问题，包括多模式整合、循环反馈功能以及小脑在感觉处理中的作用。