Doctoral Dissertation Research: Land Access, Agrarian Relations, and the State

博士论文研究：土地获取、土地关系和国家

• 批准号: 1657643
• 负责人: Marc Edelman
• 金额: $ 2.52万
• 依托单位: CUNY Graduate School University Center
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2017
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2017-05-15 至 2018-10-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1657643&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Doctoral; Dissertation; Research; Land; Access

The research funded by this award addresses the question of what happens to rural people when the state-owned lands where they traditionally had use rights are taken from them for agribusiness projects. The appropriation of state lands for commercial agriculture and the associated dispossession of rural occupants constitute a widespread phenomenon that goes back centuries. But social scientific research on "land grabs" in the more interconnected world of today is just beginning. The researcher asks, How are state and public lands defined and delimited today? Who can use them and for what purposes? How are local people responding? And what does all this tell us about the nature of contemporary forms of governance and citizenship? To answer these questions, the researcher has identified a region where these processes are active and can be examined as they develop. By investigating a case of political and cultural disputes over land closely, this research will provide a unique window into emergent state transformation and changing definitions of private and public in the contemporary world. The research will be undertaken by Julio Arias Vanegas, a City University of New York anthropology doctoral student who is supervised by Dr. Marc Edelman. The active site that Arias has identified for this project is the Altillanura region of post-conflict Colombia. Arias will conduct twelve months of fieldwork in different locations in Colombia, collecting data through multiple methods, including document analysis, oral history, interviews, and participant observation. He will focus on two dissimilar but interrelated cases: (a) the case of state property that was home to an important regional agricultural research center and over which various groups now claim rights; and (b) an emerging regionalist agrarian movement that has confronted state legislation over the designation of specific land holdings as baldíos (vacant public lands). The study of these cases will allow the researcher to examine: how conceptions of regional people, nature, and territory, as well as public and private properties, have changed through legal and scientific debates; how racial and regional identification and belonging are deployed; and how different land-holders and occupants challenge and reshape state projects through their own notions and forms of land tenure. In doing so, this study will shed light on the making of the relationship between state formation, property conflicts, and the production of frontier regions. The research will contribute to social scientific theory on the state, regionalism, and dispossession. Findings also will be relevant for policymakers interested in land distribution and its political and cultural consequences, particularly in transitional contexts.

该奖项资助的研究解决了当农村人口传统上拥有使用权的国有土地被用于农业综合企业项目时，他们会发生什么的问题。 征用国有土地用于商业性农业以及相关的农村居民被剥夺是一个可以追溯到几个世纪前的普遍现象。但在当今这个更加互联的世界中，关于“土地掠夺”的社会科学研究才刚刚开始。研究人员问道，如今州和公共土地是如何定义和划界的？谁可以使用它们以及用于什么目的？当地人的反应如何？所有这些告诉我们当代治理和公民形式的本质是什么？为了回答这些问题，研究人员确定了这些过程活跃的区域，并且可以在它们发展时对其进行检查。通过密切调查土地政治和文化纠纷案件，这项研究将为了解当代世界中新兴国家转型以及私人和公共定义的变化提供一个独特的窗口。该研究将由纽约市立大学人类学博士生胡里奥·阿里亚斯·瓦内加斯 (Julio Arias Vanegas) 进行，他的导师是马克·埃德尔曼 (Marc Edelman) 博士。 Arias 为该项目确定的活动地点是冲突后哥伦比亚的 Altillanura 地区。阿里亚斯将在哥伦比亚不同地点进行十二个月的实地考察，通过多种方法收集数据，包括文献分析、口述历史、访谈和参与观察。他将重点关注两个不同但相互关联的案例：(a) 国有财产案例，该中心是一个重要的区域农业研究中心的所在地，现在各个团体都对其主张权利； (b) 新兴的区域主义土地运动因将特定土地所有权指定为baldíos（空置公共土地）而面临国家立法的挑战。对这些案例的研究将使研究人员能够研究：区域人民、自然和领土以及公共和私人财产的概念是如何通过法律和科学辩论而改变的；如何部署种族和地区认同和归属感；以及不同的土地所有者和居住者如何通过自己的土地保有权概念和形式挑战和重塑国家项目。在此过程中，本研究将阐明国家形成、财产冲突和边疆地区生产之间关系的形成。该研究将为关于国家、地区主义和剥夺的社会科学理论做出贡献。研究结果对于对土地分配及其政治和文化后果感兴趣的政策制定者也具有重要意义，特别是在转型背景下。