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Permanence of the recent expansions of the OMZ and denitrification regimes in the eastern tropical North Pacific

热带北太平洋东部 OMZ 和反硝化机制近期扩张的持久性

基本信息

批准号：
1657958
负责人：
Allan Devol
金额：
$ 17.71万
依托单位：
University of Washington
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
Standard Grant
财政年份：
2017
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2017-03-01 至 2021-02-28
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1657958&HistoricalAwards=false
关键词：
Permanence recent expansions OMZ denitrification

项目摘要

Oxygen Deficient Zones (ODZs) are regions in the global ocean where concentrations of dissolved oxygen in seawater are very low. Low oxygen concentrations affect rates of denitrification, a microbial process in which nitrate is converted to nitrogen gas. This can lead to significant losses of nitrate from the ocean. Nitrate is an important nutrient in the ocean that supports ocean ecosystems. Ocean warming is likely to expand these ODZs making it imperative we understand the role of the ODZs on the chemistry and biology of these regions. This understanding requires repeated sampling of nutrient and oxygen concentrations through time. The investigator plans to utilize available ship time from an existing grant to sample the Eastern Tropical North Pacific (ETNP) ODZ six times over a two year period during the spring, summer, and winter months. The aim is to determine the permanence and seasonality of the recent expansion of the ODZ in the ETNP, as well as identify the processes responsible for any observed changes. This research will support the University of Washington's Masters in Science for Science Teachers program, which provides a link between researchers, graduate students, and elementary aged youth, and there will be funds provided for two undergraduate students to participate in two research cruises on the R/V Thompson.This project seeks to answer whether observed increased rates of denitrification in the ODZ of the ETNP are solely due to a growing oxygen deficiency problem or can be attributed to sample timing and seasonality. Additionally, the increased loss of nitrate will be investigated to conclude whether it really is due to increased rates of denitrification in the ODZ or some other cause. Climate model simulations predict a large perturbation to the dissolved oxygen content of the ocean, which could have further consequences than purely oxygen chemistry. This study hopes to answer the question of how climate change impacts on dissolved oxygen will affect denitrification in the ocean, which in turn has a much larger effect on limiting marine productivity.

缺氧区（Oxygen Deficient Zones，ODZ）是全球海洋中溶解氧浓度非常低的区域。低氧浓度影响脱氮速率，这是一种将硝酸盐转化为氮气的微生物过程。这可能导致海洋中硝酸盐的大量流失。硝酸盐是海洋中支持海洋生态系统的重要营养物质。海洋变暖可能会扩大这些臭氧消耗区，这使得我们必须了解臭氧消耗区对这些地区的化学和生物学的作用。这种理解需要对营养物和氧气浓度进行反复采样。研究人员计划利用现有赠款的可用船舶时间，在春季，夏季和冬季的两年内对东热带北太平洋（ETNP）ODZ进行六次采样。目的是确定ETNP中ODZ最近扩展的持久性和季节性，以及确定导致任何观察到的变化的过程。这项研究将支持华盛顿大学的科学教师科学硕士项目，该项目为研究人员、研究生和小学生之间建立了联系，并将为两名本科生提供资金，参加R/该项目试图回答是否观察到的ETNP ODZ中反硝化速率的增加仅仅是由于氧气不足的增加问题或可归因于采样时间和季节性。此外，将调查硝酸盐损失的增加，以得出结论，这是否真的是由于ODZ中反硝化速率的增加或其他原因。气候模型模拟预测，海洋溶解氧含量会受到很大的扰动，这可能会产生比纯粹的氧化学更严重的后果。这项研究希望回答气候变化对溶解氧的影响将如何影响海洋中的反硝化作用的问题，这反过来又对限制海洋生产力产生更大的影响。

项目成果

期刊论文数量（5）

专著数量（0）

科研奖励数量（0）

会议论文数量（0）

专利数量（0）

Estimating fixed nitrogen loss and associated isotope effects using concentration and isotope measurements of NO3–, NO2–, and N2 from the Eastern Tropical South Pacific oxygen deficient zone

使用东热带南太平洋缺氧区 NO3-、NO2- 和 N2 的浓度和同位素测量来估计固定氮损失和相关同位素效应

DOI：
10.1016/j.dsr2.2018.02.011
发表时间：
2018
期刊：
Deep Sea Research Part II: Topical Studies in Oceanography
影响因子：
0
作者：
Peters, Brian;Horak, Rachel;Devol, Alan;Fuchsman, Clara;Forbes, Matthew;Mordy, Calvin W.;Casciotti, Karen L.
通讯作者：
Casciotti, Karen L.

Cyanobacteria and cyanophage contributions to carbon and nitrogen cycling in an oligotrophic oxygen-deficient zone

DOI：
10.1038/s41396-019-0452-6
发表时间：
2019-11-01
期刊：
ISME JOURNAL
影响因子：
11
作者：
Fuchsman, Clara A.;Palevsky, Hilary I.;Rocap, Gabrielle
通讯作者：
Rocap, Gabrielle

An N isotopic mass balance of the Eastern Tropical North Pacific oxygen deficient zone

东部热带北太平洋缺氧区的N同位素质量平衡

DOI：
10.1016/j.dsr2.2017.12.013
发表时间：
2018
期刊：
Deep Sea Research Part II: Topical Studies in Oceanography
影响因子：
0
作者：
Fuchsman, Clara A.;Devol, Allan H.;Casciotti, Karen L.;Buchwald, Carolyn;Chang, Bonnie X.;Horak, Rachel E.A.
通讯作者：
Horak, Rachel E.A.

The role of water masses in shaping the distribution of redox active compounds in the Eastern Tropical North Pacific oxygen deficient zone and influencing low oxygen concentrations in the eastern Pacific Ocean

水团在塑造东部热带北太平洋缺氧区氧化还原活性化合物分布和影响东太平洋低氧浓度中的作用

DOI：
10.1002/lno.11412
发表时间：
2020
期刊：
Limnology and Oceanography
影响因子：
4.5
作者：
Evans, Natalya;Boles, Elisabeth;Kwiecinski, Jarek V.;Mullen, Susan;Wolf, Martin;Devol, Allan H.;Moriyasu, Rintaro;Nam, SungHyun;Babbin, Andrew R.;Moffett, James W.
通讯作者：
Moffett, James W.