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Theoretical Studies in Gravitation and Astrophysics

引力和天体物理学的理论研究

基本信息

批准号：
1662211
负责人：
Stuart Shapiro
金额：
$ 42.3万
依托单位：
University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
Continuing Grant
财政年份：
2017
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2017-09-01 至 2021-08-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1662211&HistoricalAwards=false
关键词：
Theoretical Studies Gravitation Astrophysics

项目摘要

The LIGO-VIRGO Scientific Collaboration recently reported the first two direct detections of gravitational wave (GW) signals and demonstrated that these events (named GW150914 and GW151226) were produced by the inspiral and coalescence of binary black holes. This breakthrough marks the beginning of the era of GW astronomy. They also provide the strongest evidence yet that Einstein's theory of general relativity (GR) is the correct theory of gravity and that binary and spinning black holes exist with the properties prescribed by GR. The research funded within this project spans several problems involving GR, the generation of GWs, relativistic hydrodynamics (fluid flow in strong gravitational fields and moving at the speed of light)) and relativistic magnetohydrodynamics (fluid flow in magnetic fields). A common thread uniting the different theoretical topics is the crucial role of gravitation, especially relativistic gravitation. Compact objects (black holes, neutron stars and white dwarfs) provide the principal forum, and the dynamics of matter in a strong gravitational field is a major theme. Some of the topics for investigation include the inspiral and coalescence of compact binaries (binary black holes, binary neutron stars and binary black hole--neutron stars), the generation of GWs from compact binaries and other promising astrophysical sources and the electromagnetic signals that may accompany them (e.g., gamma-ray bursts), gravitational collapse, circumbinary disks around merging supermassive black holes in the cores of galaxies and quasars, and the profile and observable consequences of dark matter (the major form of matter in the universe and unlike normal atoms and their constituents) around supermassive black holes in galaxy cores, including the Milky Way. The results have important implications for astronomical observations, including those planned for GW interferometers, such as the Advanced LIGO/VIRGO network, GEO, KAGRA, the PTAs and LISA, and transient-event electromagnetic detectors, such as the Large Synoptic Survey Telescope (LSST).Most of these topics represent long-standing, fundamental problems in theoretical physics requiring large-scale computation for solution. Hence the approach involves to a significant degree large-scale simulations on supercomputers, in addition to analytical modeling. The key tool will be our robust and well-tested Illinois general relativistic, magnetohydrodynamic (GRMHD) code. The simulations solve Einstein's field equations of GR for gravity coupled to the equations of relativistic MHD for the fluid and Maxwell's equations for the electromagnetic fields. These equations constitute highly nonlinear, coupled partial differential equations in 3+1 dimensions that we solve by finite-differencing. The Illinois GRMHD code employs the BSSN technique with moving puncture gauge conditions to solve the field equations and a high-resolution, shock capturing scheme for the MHD. The problems to be tackled comprise both initial value and evolution computations and treat vacuum spacetimes containing black holes, as well as spacetimes containing realistic matter sources, magnetic fields and both electromagnetic and neutrino radiation ("multimessenger astronomy").

LIGO-VIRGO 科学合作组织最近报告了前两次对引力波 (GW) 信号的直接探测，并证明这些事件（名为 GW150914 和 GW151226）是由双黑洞的吸气和合并产生的。这一突破标志着引力波天文学时代的开始。它们还提供了迄今为止最有力的证据，证明爱因斯坦的广义相对论（GR）是正确的引力理论，并且双黑洞和旋转黑洞的存在具有广义相对论所规定的属性。该项目资助的研究涵盖多个问题，涉及广义相对论、引力波的产生、相对论流体动力学（强引力场中的流体流动并以光速运动）和相对论磁流体动力学（磁场中的流体流动）。不同理论主题的共同点是引力的关键作用，尤其是相对论引力。致密天体（黑洞、中子星和白矮星）提供了主要论坛，强引力场中的物质动力学是一个主要主题。一些研究主题包括致密双星（双黑洞、双中子星和双黑洞-中子星）的吸入和合并、致密双星和其他有希望的天体物理源产生引力波以及可能伴随它们的电磁信号（例如伽马射线爆发）、引力塌缩、合并超大质量黑色周围的环双星盘星系和类星体核心中的空洞，以及星系核心（包括银河系）超大质量黑洞周围暗物质（宇宙中物质的主要形式，与正常原子及其成分不同）的轮廓和可观测后果。这些结果对天文观测具有重要意义，包括计划用于引力波干涉仪的观测，例如高级 LIGO/VIRGO 网络、GEO、KAGRA、PTAs 和 LISA，以及瞬态事件电磁探测器，例如大型综合巡天望远镜 (LSST)。这些主题中的大多数代表了理论物理中长期存在的基本问题，需要大规模计算来解决。因此，除了分析建模之外，该方法在很大程度上还涉及超级计算机上的大规模模拟。关键工具将是我们强大且经过充分测试的伊利诺伊州广义相对论磁流体动力学 (GRMHD) 代码。模拟求解了爱因斯坦引力场方程、流体相对论 MHD 方程以及电磁场麦克斯韦方程。这些方程构成了 3+1 维的高度非线性耦合偏微分方程，我们通过有限差分求解。伊利诺伊州 GRMHD 代码采用 BSSN 技术和移动穿刺规条件来求解场方程以及 MHD 的高分辨率冲击捕获方案。要解决的问题包括初始值和演化计算，并处理包含黑洞的真空时空，以及包含现实物质源、磁场以及电磁和中微子辐射的时空（“多信使天文学”）。

项目成果

期刊论文数量（39）

专著数量（0）

科研奖励数量（0）

会议论文数量（0）

专利数量（0）

Evolution of bare quark stars in full general relativity: Single star case

完全广义相对论中裸夸克星的演化：单星情况

DOI：
10.1103/physrevd.103.123011
发表时间：
2021
期刊：
Physical Review D
影响因子：
5
作者：
Zhou, Enping;Kiuchi, Kenta;Shibata, Masaru;Tsokaros, Antonios;Uryū, Kōji
通讯作者：
Uryū, Kōji

Neutron stars harboring a primordial black hole: Maximum survival time

拥有原始黑洞的中子星：最长生存时间

DOI：
10.1103/physrevd.103.l081303
发表时间：
2021
期刊：
Physical Review D
影响因子：
5
作者：
Baumgarte, Thomas W.;Shapiro, Stuart L.
通讯作者：
Shapiro, Stuart L.

Initial-data contribution to the error budget of gravitational waves from neutron-star binaries

初始数据对中子星双星引力波误差预算的贡献

DOI：
10.1103/physrevd.94.044049
发表时间：
2016
期刊：
Physical Review D
影响因子：
5
作者：
Tsokaros, Antonios;Mundim, Bruno C.;Galeazzi, Filippo;Rezzolla, Luciano;Uryū, Kōji
通讯作者：
Uryū, Kōji

Accretion onto a small black hole at the center of a neutron star

吸积到中子星中心的小黑洞上