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Theoretical Studies in Gravitation and Astrophysics

引力和天体物理学的理论研究

基本信息

批准号：
1662211
负责人：
Stuart Shapiro
金额：
$ 42.3万
依托单位：
University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
Continuing Grant
财政年份：
2017
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2017-09-01 至 2021-08-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1662211&HistoricalAwards=false
关键词：
Theoretical Studies Gravitation Astrophysics

项目摘要

The LIGO-VIRGO Scientific Collaboration recently reported the first two direct detections of gravitational wave (GW) signals and demonstrated that these events (named GW150914 and GW151226) were produced by the inspiral and coalescence of binary black holes. This breakthrough marks the beginning of the era of GW astronomy. They also provide the strongest evidence yet that Einstein's theory of general relativity (GR) is the correct theory of gravity and that binary and spinning black holes exist with the properties prescribed by GR. The research funded within this project spans several problems involving GR, the generation of GWs, relativistic hydrodynamics (fluid flow in strong gravitational fields and moving at the speed of light)) and relativistic magnetohydrodynamics (fluid flow in magnetic fields). A common thread uniting the different theoretical topics is the crucial role of gravitation, especially relativistic gravitation. Compact objects (black holes, neutron stars and white dwarfs) provide the principal forum, and the dynamics of matter in a strong gravitational field is a major theme. Some of the topics for investigation include the inspiral and coalescence of compact binaries (binary black holes, binary neutron stars and binary black hole--neutron stars), the generation of GWs from compact binaries and other promising astrophysical sources and the electromagnetic signals that may accompany them (e.g., gamma-ray bursts), gravitational collapse, circumbinary disks around merging supermassive black holes in the cores of galaxies and quasars, and the profile and observable consequences of dark matter (the major form of matter in the universe and unlike normal atoms and their constituents) around supermassive black holes in galaxy cores, including the Milky Way. The results have important implications for astronomical observations, including those planned for GW interferometers, such as the Advanced LIGO/VIRGO network, GEO, KAGRA, the PTAs and LISA, and transient-event electromagnetic detectors, such as the Large Synoptic Survey Telescope (LSST).Most of these topics represent long-standing, fundamental problems in theoretical physics requiring large-scale computation for solution. Hence the approach involves to a significant degree large-scale simulations on supercomputers, in addition to analytical modeling. The key tool will be our robust and well-tested Illinois general relativistic, magnetohydrodynamic (GRMHD) code. The simulations solve Einstein's field equations of GR for gravity coupled to the equations of relativistic MHD for the fluid and Maxwell's equations for the electromagnetic fields. These equations constitute highly nonlinear, coupled partial differential equations in 3+1 dimensions that we solve by finite-differencing. The Illinois GRMHD code employs the BSSN technique with moving puncture gauge conditions to solve the field equations and a high-resolution, shock capturing scheme for the MHD. The problems to be tackled comprise both initial value and evolution computations and treat vacuum spacetimes containing black holes, as well as spacetimes containing realistic matter sources, magnetic fields and both electromagnetic and neutrino radiation ("multimessenger astronomy").

LIGO-Virgo科学合作最近报道了首次直接探测到引力波(GW)信号，并证明了这些事件(命名为GW150914和GW151226)是由双星黑洞的自旋和合并产生的。这一突破标志着GW天文学时代的开始。它们还提供了迄今为止最有力的证据，证明爱因斯坦的广义相对论(GR)是正确的引力理论，并且存在具有广义相对论规定的性质的双星和自转黑洞。该项目资助的研究跨越了几个问题，涉及GR、GW的产生、相对论流体动力学(流体在强引力场中的流动并以光速运动)和相对论磁流体动力学(流体在磁场中的流动)。连接不同理论主题的一条共同主线是引力的关键作用，特别是相对论引力。致密天体(黑洞、中子星和白矮星)提供了主要的论坛，而物质在强引力场中的动力学是一个主要主题。一些用于研究的主题包括致密双星(双星黑洞、双星中子星和双星黑洞--中子星)的激发和合并、由致密双星和其他有希望的天体物理源产生的GW和可能伴随它们的电磁信号(例如伽马射线暴)、引力坍缩、星系和类星体核心中合并的超大质量黑洞周围的环绕双星圆盘，以及暗物质(宇宙中的主要物质形式，不同于正常原子及其成分)在包括银河系在内的星系核心的超大质量黑洞周围的概况和可观测的结果。这些结果对天文观测具有重要的意义，包括那些计划用于GW干涉仪的观测，如高级LIGO/Virgo网络、GEO、KAGRA、PTAS和LISA，以及瞬变事件电磁探测器，如大型天气观测望远镜(LSST)。这些主题中的大多数都是长期存在的理论物理基本问题，需要大规模计算才能解决。因此，除了分析建模之外，该方法还在很大程度上涉及到在超级计算机上进行大规模模拟。关键工具将是我们强大且经过良好测试的伊利诺伊州广义相对论、磁流体力学(GRMHD)代码。模拟求解了爱因斯坦引力的GR场方程，流体的相对论MHD方程和电磁场的麦克斯韦方程。这些方程构成了3+1维的高度非线性、耦合的偏微分方程组，我们用有限差分法进行求解。伊利诺伊州GRMHD程序采用BSSN技术和移动穿透规条件来解场方程，并为MHD采用了高分辨率的激波捕获格式。要解决的问题包括初值和演化计算，以及处理包含黑洞的真空时空，以及包含真实物质源、磁场和电磁辐射和中微子辐射的时空(“多信使天文学”)。

项目成果

期刊论文数量（39）

专著数量（0）

科研奖励数量（0）

会议论文数量（0）

专利数量（0）

Evolution of bare quark stars in full general relativity: Single star case

完全广义相对论中裸夸克星的演化：单星情况

DOI：
10.1103/physrevd.103.123011
发表时间：
2021
期刊：
Physical Review D
影响因子：
5
作者：
Zhou, Enping;Kiuchi, Kenta;Shibata, Masaru;Tsokaros, Antonios;Uryū, Kōji
通讯作者：
Uryū, Kōji

Neutron stars harboring a primordial black hole: Maximum survival time

拥有原始黑洞的中子星：最长生存时间

DOI：
10.1103/physrevd.103.l081303
发表时间：
2021
期刊：
Physical Review D
影响因子：
5
作者：
Baumgarte, Thomas W.;Shapiro, Stuart L.
通讯作者：
Shapiro, Stuart L.

Initial-data contribution to the error budget of gravitational waves from neutron-star binaries

初始数据对中子星双星引力波误差预算的贡献

DOI：
10.1103/physrevd.94.044049
发表时间：
2016
期刊：
Physical Review D
影响因子：
5
作者：
Tsokaros, Antonios;Mundim, Bruno C.;Galeazzi, Filippo;Rezzolla, Luciano;Uryū, Kōji
通讯作者：
Uryū, Kōji

Accretion onto a small black hole at the center of a neutron star

吸积到中子星中心的小黑洞上