Grammar and multilingual practices through the lens of everyday interaction in two endangered languages in the East Tukano family

从东图卡诺语系两种濒临灭绝语言的日常互动角度进行语法和多语言实践

• 批准号: 1664348
• 负责人: Kristine Stenzel
• 金额: $ 36.44万
• 依托单位: University of Colorado at Boulder
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2017
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2017-05-01 至 2022-10-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1664348&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Grammar; multilingual; practices; through; lens

Little is known about how and why speakers alternate among multiple languages in highly multilingual contexts. This project will advance scientific understanding of multilingualism by documenting everyday interactions among multilingual speakers in one such regional system. The project will produce a richly annotated audiovisual record of language use in everyday conversation as used in an extremely complex linguistic environment. Results will increase scientific understanding of bilingualism and multilingualism, advancing the national interest in multiple fields, including linguistics, psychology, neuroscience and education. Broader impacts of the project are extensive. There are international fieldwork opportunities for a full-time post-doctoral researcher and two graduate students and language documentation training for a team of indigenous researchers. Language maintenance materials will be collaboratively produced for two endangered language communities. The project will advance the discipline by its development and dissemination of language documentation methods for documenting conversational interactions. Fostering a new international collaboration between U.S. and Brazilian academic institutions will also be a result. This project will be the first of its kind to focus on multilingualism and everyday interaction in the Vaupés region of northwestern Amazonia. The research team will collect extensive amounts of primary video data among multilingual speakers of two endangered East Tukano languages, Kotiria (Wanano) and Wa'ikhana (Piratapuyo). Data will be collected across three regional subsites, combining spontaneous recording of naturally-occurring conversations, planned sessions with two or more speakers conducting interactive tasks, and semi-structured sociolinguistic interviews. A team of indigenous researchers will be trained to collect, process, and annotate video-recorded conversations using the innovative oral annotation method, both participating in analysis and helping to expedite processing of the primary data. The resulting multilingual audiovisual corpus will reveal to what extent and for which purposes speakers of Kotiria and Wa'ikhana employ elements of multiple languages in everyday conversation. The team's analysis of these data will contribute to the development of a more robust theoretical framework for understanding and documenting multilingual practices in small-scale systems and endangered language contexts. The documentary record will also facilitate more fine-grained investigation of aspects of grammar that may be shaped by face-to-face interaction, such as the use of evidentials (obligatory markers expressing the speaker's source of knowledge about an event), thus adding to theoretical accounts of their meaning and functions. Integrating methods from conversation analysis (sequential analysis of conversation), linguistic anthropology (ethnographic description), language documentation (corpus creation), and typologically-informed grammatical description, the researchers will provide expanded and enriched analyses of grammatical structure and create a pioneering profile of conversational interaction in the multilingual northwest Amazon.

很少有人知道如何以及为什么扬声器之间的多种语言在高度多语环境交替。该项目将通过记录在这样一个区域系统中使用多种语文者之间的日常互动，促进对使用多种语文的科学认识。该项目将制作一个注释丰富的视听记录，记录在极其复杂的语言环境中日常对话中使用的语言。研究结果将增加对双语和多语的科学理解，促进国家在多个领域的利益，包括语言学，心理学，神经科学和教育。 该项目的更广泛影响是广泛的。 一名全职博士后研究员和两名研究生有机会进行国际实地考察，一组土著研究人员有机会接受语言文献培训。 将为两个濒危语言社区合作制作语言维护材料。 该项目将通过开发和传播记录会话交互的语言文档方法来推进这一学科。促进美国和巴西学术机构之间新的国际合作也将是一个结果。该项目将是第一个侧重于亚马逊西北部沃佩斯地区使用多种语言和日常互动的项目。该研究小组将在两种濒危的东图卡诺语（Kotiria（Wanano）和Wa'ikhana（Piratapuyo））的多语言使用者中收集大量的原始视频数据。数据将在三个区域子网站收集，结合自然发生的对话，计划会议与两个或两个以上的扬声器进行互动任务，和半结构化的社会语言学访谈的自发记录。一个土著研究人员小组将接受培训，使用创新的口头注释方法收集、处理和注释录像对话，既参与分析，又帮助加快处理原始数据。由此产生的多语言视听语料库将揭示Kotiria和Wa'ikhana的发言者在日常对话中使用多种语言元素的程度和目的。该团队对这些数据的分析将有助于建立一个更强大的理论框架，以理解和记录小规模系统和濒危语言环境中的多语言实践。书面记录还将有助于对面对面互动可能形成的语法方面进行更细致的调查，例如使用证据（表达说话者对事件的知识来源的强制性标记），从而增加对它们的意义和功能的理论解释。从会话分析（会话的顺序分析），语言人类学（民族志描述），语言文档（语料库创建）和类型学信息语法描述的方法相结合，研究人员将提供语法结构的扩展和丰富的分析，并创建在多语言亚马逊西北部会话互动的开拓性配置文件。

项目成果

Machine Translation Between High-resource Languages in a Language Documentation Setting

语言文档环境中高资源语言之间的机器翻译

• 发表时间: 2022
• 期刊: Proceedings International Conference on Computational Linguistics
• 作者: Kann, Katharina;Ebrahimi, Abteen;Stenzel, Kristine;Palmer, Alexis
• 通讯作者: Palmer, Alexis

What do oranges and hammers have in common? The classifier ‘round’ in Wa’ikhana and other East Tukano languages

橙子和锤子有什么共同点？

• 发表时间: 2019
• 期刊: Liames
• 作者: Balykova, Kristina

Comparing Rural Multilingualism in Lowland South America and Western Africa

南美洲低地和西非农村多语制比较

• DOI: 10.1353/anl.2020.0002
• 发表时间: 2020
• 期刊: Anthropological linguistics
• 作者: Lüpke, F.

Wa’ikhana - Wehsepʉ buude wehẽgʉ ehsamii emo sañodukugʉ tʉ’osuaʉ (Fui à roça caçar a cutia. Ouvindo o grito do macaco guariba no mato, fui atrás’.)

Waâikhana - WehsepÊ buude wehẽgÊ ehsamii emo sañodukugÊ tÊâosuaÊ (Fui à roá caçar a cutia. Ouvindo o grito do macaco guariba no mato, fui atrásâ)

• DOI: 10.31513/linguistica.2019.v15n1a25576
• 发表时间: 2019
• 期刊: Revista LinguíStica
• 作者: Stenzel, Kristine;Cezario, Bruna;Nogueira, Tomás;Nogueira, Dionísio;Cardoso, Edgar
• 通讯作者: Cardoso, Edgar

Parsing particles in Wa’ikhana

• DOI: 10.31513/linguistica.2020.v16nesp.a43715
• 发表时间: 2020-11
• 作者: Nicholas Williams;K. Stenzel;Barbara A. Fox