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Microbial diversity and function within the salinity gradient of the Baltic Sea

波罗的海盐度梯度内的微生物多样性和功能

基本信息

批准号：
227955462
负责人：
Professor Dr. Klaus Jürgens
金额：
--
依托单位：
Leibniz-Institut für Ostseeforschung Warnemünde (IOW)
依托单位国家：
德国
项目类别：
Research Grants
财政年份：
2012
资助国家：
德国
起止时间：
2011-12-31 至 2017-12-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/227955462?language=en
关键词：
Microbial diversity function within salinity

项目摘要

The Baltic Sea is characterized by its distinct horizontal and vertical salinity gradients, with the unique feature that 62% of its surface zone is represented by brackish conditions. Salinity-related distribution patterns and a diversity minimum at brackish conditions are known for higher benthic and pelagic organisms. In a first analysis for microorganisms, based on pyrosequencing of bacterial 16S rRNA genes, we were able to show that also bacterial communities experience distinct shifts at different phylogenetic levels along the salinity gradient. Moreover, there is evidence for an adapted brackish water bacterial community, represented by a phylogenetic member of the Verrucomicrobia. This project aims to test how the shift in bacterioplankton community composition from marine to brackish and limnic conditions affects bacterially mediated functions within the pelagic carbon cycle. This will be investigated by two different approaches: (1) in ship-board experimental investigations at stations of different salinity we will assess, besides prokaryotic diversity, microbial functionality covering broad to highly specific bacterial activities related to organic carbon processing, and (2) the direct impact of salinity on the composition and function of surface bacterioplankton in the central, brackish Baltic Sea will be examined by experimentally manipulating salinity levels. Here, as an additional functional factor besides substrate utilization, we will investigate also prokaryotic response towards predation and trophic interactions between prokaryotes and bacterivores.

波罗的海的特点是具有明显的水平和垂直盐度梯度，其独特之处在于其62%的表面区域处于微咸水条件。对于高等底栖和中上层生物来说，与盐度相关的分布模式和微咸水条件下的多样性最低是已知的。在对微生物的首次分析中，基于细菌 16S rRNA 基因的焦磷酸测序，我们能够证明细菌群落沿着盐度梯度在不同的系统发育水平上经历了明显的变化。此外，有证据表明存在适应的咸水细菌群落，以疣微菌属的系统发育成员为代表。该项目旨在测试浮游细菌群落组成从海洋条件向咸水和湖沼条件的转变如何影响远洋碳循环中细菌介导的功能。这将通过两种不同的方法进行研究：（1）在不同盐度站的船上实验调查中，除了原核多样性外，我们还将评估微生物功能，涵盖与有机碳加工相关的广泛到高度特异性的细菌活动；（2）盐度对波罗的海中部咸水表面浮游细菌的组成和功能的直接影响将通过实验控制盐度水平进行检查。在这里，作为除底物利用之外的附加功能因素，我们还将研究原核生物对捕食的反应以及原核生物和食菌动物之间的营养相互作用。