Collaborative Research: GP-EXTRA: Oceanographic shipboard and lab research for diverse students: experiential learning as a gateway to geoscience careers

第一部分：预计到2022年，美国地球科学家将严重短缺。招募和培训多样化的地质学家和相关科学家对国家健康、繁荣、福利和国防至关重要。然而，招募代表性不足的少数群体进入地球科学面临许多障碍。该项目采用新的高影响力的教育实践，以增加进入地球科学职业管道的地球科学专业的数量和多样性，并培训K-12教师来激励他们的学生？对地球科学的兴趣。代表不足的学生和职前教师将利用令人兴奋的技术、职业机会曝光和实践学习，参与创新的海洋地球科学体验、指导计划和课程。该项目将针对一所私立文科大学和一所少数族裔(拉美裔服务)机构的地学专业招收人数不足的学生，该机构拥有很高比例的农村、低收入、第一代学生，他们对海洋科学的接触很少。我们将评估接触海洋学对招收和留住地球科学学生以及培养K-12教师的影响。在研究科学家的指导下，学生们将进行真实的研究，加深我们对美国太平洋沿岸海洋资源和环境变化的了解。第2部分：拟议的项目是一个与斯克里普斯海洋研究所(SIO)合作的跨机构、共同和课外的参与式野外海洋研究项目，旨在培训和激励不同的学生追求地球科学的职业生涯。该计划将把来自城市沿海私立校园(圣地亚哥大学；美国大学)的学生与来自加州州立大学贝克斯菲尔德(CSUB)为少数族裔服务的内陆公共校园(CSUB)的一般农村、少数族裔、低收入家庭的学生整合在一起，这些学生拥有成熟的？地球科学职业管道？将高中生带入地学专业，并将毕业生安置在地学用人单位。我们打算审查这样一种想法，即包括在实验室、海上和课堂上综合海洋科学经验的多方面办法可以加强地球科学方面的学生的招募和留住。该项目建立在美国联合航空公司和Rathburn开发的成功的舰船教育/研究计划的基础上。该计划的主要目标是：1)增加少数群体服务机构(CSUB)的海洋研究和教育机会；2)招募代表性不足的学生参加地球科学计划；3)与斯克里普斯海洋研究所合作，让地球科学专业、非专业学生和教育工作者参与船上和后续海洋研究和实习；4)使学生能够利用行业、政府和海洋研究人员所使用的技术进行真实的海洋研究；5)与导师一起培训职前教师；6)开发和测试虚拟研究航程和可输出的实验室模块；7)评估计划的有效性，并检查这种方法对招聘和保留的影响；8)传播研究成果。由于对可持续的地球科学招聘和参与采取了这种多方面的办法，我们将量化地评估以下方面的价值和影响：(A)独特的海上体验式学习是吸引地球科学专业学生的一种手段；(B)海洋学和古生物学是吸引非主修地球科学的学生的一种手段；(C)课程与海上实践学习相结合的教育和招聘/保留价值；(D)教师/研究人员的指导和方案参与；以及(E)利用可持续的海洋教育材料作为吸引教师和学生从事地球科学的一种手段。这一可持续的项目将：a)增加不同代表性不足的学生进入地球科学职业发展管道的招聘；b)提高兴趣、职业机会的知识、准备和能力，以便进入和通过GCP的不同阶段；c)制定新的课程，将真实的研究和海洋样本纳入高中和大学课程；d)高中教师有更大的意愿、热情和信心将地球科学研究融入他们的课堂，以及e)传播所学到的经验？从这个项目中，哪些将有助于证据基础的新颖，多方面的方法，以增加学生？对科学事业的兴趣、准备和成功。

Part 1: A significant shortage of United States geoscientists is predicted by 2022. Recruitment and training of a diverse workforce of geologists and related scientists is critical for national health, prosperity, welfare and defense. However, recruitment of underrepresented minorities into geosciences faces many obstacles. This project employs novel high-impact educational practices to increase the number and diversity of geoscience majors entering the geoscience career pipeline and trains K-12 teachers to inspire their students? interest in geosciences. Underrepresented students and pre-service teachers will engage in innovative marine geoscienceexperiences, mentoring programs, and courses using exciting technologies, career opportunity exposure, and hands-on learning. This project will target and recruit underrepresented students into geoscience majors at a private liberal arts university and a Minority (Hispanic-Serving) Institution that has a high percentage of rural, low-income, first-generation students who have very little exposure to marine science. We will evaluate the impact of engaging exposure to oceanography on the recruitment and retention of geoscience students and the preparation of K-12 teachers. Under the mentorship of research scientists, students will conduct authentic research, advancing our understanding of marine resources and environmental changes on the Pacific margin of the U.S.Part 2: The proposed project is an inter-institutional, co- and extra-curricular, participatory field-based oceanographic research program in collaboration with Scripps Institution of Oceanography (SIO) to train and inspire diverse students to pursue careers in the geosciences. This program will integrate students from a private urban coastal campus (University of San Diego; USD) with generally rural, minority, low-income students from a minority-serving public inland campus, California State Univ., Bakersfield (CSUB), with established ?geoscience career pipelines? to bring high-school students into geoscience majors and place graduates with geoscience employers. We intend to examine the idea that a multifaceted approach including integrated marine science experiences in the lab, at sea and in the classroom can enhance recruitment and retention of students in the geosciences. This project builds on a successful program of shipboard education/research developed by USD and Rathburn. The broad goals of the program are to: 1) Increase oceanographic research and education opportunities at a minority-serving institution (CSUB); 2) recruit underrepresented students into geoscience programs; 3) engage geoscience majors, non-majors, and educators in shipboard and follow-up oceanographic research and internships in partnership withScripps Institution of Oceanography; 4) enable students to conduct authentic oceanographic research using techniques employed by industry, government and marine researchers; 5) train pre-service teachers with mentors; 6) develop and test a virtual research voyage and exportable laboratory modules; 7) assess program efficacy and examine the influence of this approach on recruitment and retention; and 8) disseminate research findings. As a consequence of this multifaceted approach to sustainable geoscience recruitment andengagement, we will quantitatively evaluate the value and impact of: a) unique experiential learning at sea as a means to engage geoscience majors; b) oceanography and paleontology as means to attract non-majors to geosciences; c) the educational and recruitment/retention value of course integration with hands-on learning at sea; d) teacher/researcher mentorship and programengagement on pre-service teacher interest and competence in geosciences; and e) the use of sustainable marine educational materials as a means to engage teachers and attract students to geosciences. This sustainable project will: a) increase recruitment of diverse underrepresented students into the ?geoscience career pipeline?, b) improve interest, knowledge of career opportunities, preparation, and competency to enter and move through different stages of the GCP, c) generate novel curricula that incorporate authentic research and oceanographic samples into high-school and college courses, d) high-school teachers who have increased willingness, enthusiasm, and confidence to integrate geoscience research into their classrooms, and e) disseminate ?lessons learned? from this program which will contribute to the evidence base about novel, multifaceted approaches to increase students? interest, preparation, and success ingeoscience careers.