Dissertation Research: Interactions of pH on molybdenum and phosphorus limitation of nitrogen fixation in the Amazon Basin

论文研究:亚马逊流域 pH 值对固氮钼和磷限制的相互作用

基本信息

  • 批准号:
    1701092
  • 负责人:
  • 金额:
    $ 2.03万
  • 依托单位:
  • 依托单位国家:
    美国
  • 项目类别:
    Standard Grant
  • 财政年份:
    2017
  • 资助国家:
    美国
  • 起止时间:
    2017-07-01 至 2019-06-30
  • 项目状态:
    已结题

项目摘要

Tropical forests are highly productive ecosystems and represent one-third of terrestrial primary production, but require nitrogen to support plant growth. Nitrogen fixation is a process carried out by microorganisms that allows tropical forests to replenish this nutrient. The highest documented nitrogen fixation rates are found in tropical forests, but few measurements have been made in the Amazon Basin, home to the world's largest tropical forest. Phosphorus and molybdenum are two elements that play an important role in the nitrogen fixation process. Indeed, phosphorus availability is known to limit nitrogen fixation, but no one has determined whether molybdenum has a similar effect in nature. Because molybdenum is rare, and is easily leached from soils, it's low concentration could lead to low nitrogen fixation rates in the Amazon Basin, where soils are nutrient depleted, and where regions receive little to no new inputs of molybdenum. These so-called "weathered" soils in the Amazon Basin are also acidic, and this condition can make it even more difficult for nitrogen-fixing microorganisms to access molybdenum. Research for this Doctoral Dissertation Improvement Grant will investigate how these factors interact to constrain nitrogen fixation, which affects how tropical forests will grow in response to environmental change. The southeastern Amazon is an understudied but important forest ecosystem where (1) nitrogen fixation has not yet been quantified and (2) where molybdenum and phosphorus concentrations are low, likely due to low atmospheric inputs of these elements. Funds from this award will support experiments to test whether nitrogen fixation by free-living soil microorganisms in the southeastern Amazon is directly constrained by low phosphorus or molybdenum, or indirectly limited via pH effects on phosphorus and molybdenum complexation in soils. The researchers will conduct phosphorus, molybdenum, and lime plot addition experiments, and will measure long-term changes in nitrogen fixation rates and in the availability of phosphorus and molybdenum. Results will be disseminated in review papers for extrapolation of global nitrogen fixation rates for earth system models. In addition, the researchers will train and collaborate with Brazilian students and use the results to develop a teaching module for the annual Expanding Your Horizons workshop for middle school girls interested in science.
热带森林是高产的生态系统,占陆地初级生产的三分之一,但需要氮来支持植物生长。固氮是一个由微生物进行的过程,使热带森林能够补充这种养分。有记录的最高固氮率是在热带森林中发现的,但在世界上最大的热带森林所在地亚马逊盆地进行的测量很少。磷和钼是在固氮过程中起重要作用的两种元素。 事实上,已知磷的可用性会限制固氮作用,但没有人确定钼在自然界中是否具有类似的作用。 由于钼是稀有的,并且很容易从土壤中浸出,它的低浓度可能导致亚马逊盆地的固氮率低,那里的土壤养分耗尽,并且该地区几乎没有新的钼投入。亚马逊盆地的这些所谓的“风化”土壤也是酸性的,这种条件使固氮微生物更难获得钼。这项博士论文改进补助金的研究将调查这些因素如何相互作用以限制固氮作用,这会影响热带森林如何应对环境变化。亚马逊东南部是一个研究不足但重要的森林生态系统,其中(1)固氮尚未量化,(2)钼和磷浓度较低,可能是由于这些元素的大气输入量较低。该奖项的资金将支持实验,以测试亚马逊东南部自由生活的土壤微生物的固氮是否直接受到低磷或钼的限制,或通过pH值对土壤中磷和钼络合的影响间接受到限制。研究人员将进行磷,钼和石灰小区添加实验,并将测量固氮率以及磷和钼的可用性的长期变化。结果将在评论文件中传播,以外推地球系统模型的全球固氮率。此外,研究人员还将与巴西学生进行培训和合作,并利用成果为对科学感兴趣的中学女生开发年度“拓展你的视野”研讨会的教学模块。

项目成果

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Robert Howarth其他文献

Celebrating Biogeochemistry: over 35 years of publication
  • DOI:
    10.1007/s10533-021-00808-5
  • 发表时间:
    2021-05-31
  • 期刊:
  • 影响因子:
    3.700
  • 作者:
    Sujay Kaushal;Robert Howarth;Kate Lajtha
  • 通讯作者:
    Kate Lajtha

Robert Howarth的其他文献

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{{ truncateString('Robert Howarth', 18)}}的其他基金

LTREB Renewal: Nutrients and climate as drivers of carbon sequestration and ecosystem metabolism in a nitrogen-enriched, shallow coastal ecosystem
LTREB 更新:养分和气候作为富氮浅海生态系统中碳固存和生态系统代谢的驱动因素
  • 批准号:
    2311106
  • 财政年份:
    2023
  • 资助金额:
    $ 2.03万
  • 项目类别:
    Continuing Grant
LTREB: Nutrients and climate as drivers of carbon sequestration and ecosystem metabolism in a shallow coastal ecosystem during recovery from nitrogen pollution
LTREB:氮污染恢复过程中浅海沿海生态系统碳固存和生态系统代谢的驱动因素是养分和气候
  • 批准号:
    1654845
  • 财政年份:
    2017
  • 资助金额:
    $ 2.03万
  • 项目类别:
    Continuing Grant
Nonlinear Feedbacks in Coupled Element Cycles During Eutrophication of Shallow Coastal Ecosystems
浅海生态系统富营养化过程中耦合元素循环的非线性反馈
  • 批准号:
    0420575
  • 财政年份:
    2004
  • 资助金额:
    $ 2.03万
  • 项目类别:
    Standard Grant
Dissertation Research: Controls on Carbon Cycling in Freshwater Pelagic Ecosystems: New Insights Using Natural Abundance Oxygen Isotopes
论文研究:淡水远洋生态系统碳循环的控制:利用天然丰度氧同位素的新见解
  • 批准号:
    0073115
  • 财政年份:
    2000
  • 资助金额:
    $ 2.03万
  • 项目类别:
    Standard Grant
Do Top-Down and Bottom-Up Controls Interact to Exclude N-Fixing Cyanobacteria From the Plankton of Estuaries?
自上而下和自下而上的控制是否相互作用以排除河口浮游生物中的固氮蓝藻?
  • 批准号:
    9527405
  • 财政年份:
    1996
  • 资助金额:
    $ 2.03万
  • 项目类别:
    Continuing Grant
Acquisition of Mass Spectrometers for the Cornell Laboratory for Natural Abundance Isotope Analysis
为康奈尔大学自然丰度同位素分析实验室购置质谱仪
  • 批准号:
    9512240
  • 财政年份:
    1995
  • 资助金额:
    $ 2.03万
  • 项目类别:
    Standard Grant
Dissertation Research: Microbial Responses to Variation in Dissolved Organic Carbon (DOC) Quality and Quantity in the Hyporheic Zone of Stream Ecosystems
论文研究:微生物对溪流生态系统潜流区溶解有机碳 (DOC) 质量和数量变化的反应
  • 批准号:
    9411844
  • 财政年份:
    1994
  • 资助金额:
    $ 2.03万
  • 项目类别:
    Standard Grant
Why so Little Planktonic Nitrogen Fixation in Estuaries-- Limitation by Trace Metals and Grazing?
为什么河口的浮游固氮如此之少——微量金属和放牧的限制?
  • 批准号:
    9307337
  • 财政年份:
    1993
  • 资助金额:
    $ 2.03万
  • 项目类别:
    Continuing Grant
Controls on Nitrogen Fixation by Plankton in Aquatic Ecosystems
水生生态系统中浮游生物固氮的控制
  • 批准号:
    8917758
  • 财政年份:
    1990
  • 资助金额:
    $ 2.03万
  • 项目类别:
    Continuing Grant
Molybdenum Availability and Control of Nitrogen Fixation in Aquatic Ecosystems
水生生态系统中钼的有效性和固氮控制
  • 批准号:
    8604688
  • 财政年份:
    1986
  • 资助金额:
    $ 2.03万
  • 项目类别:
    Continuing Grant

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