DISSERTATION RESEARCH: Does a large detritus pool enhance ecosystem resilience in response to an episodic perturbation?

论文研究：大型碎屑池是否可以增强生态系统应对偶发性扰动的恢复能力？

• 批准号: 1701825
• 负责人: William Renwick
• 金额: $ 1.54万
• 依托单位: Miami University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2017
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2017-05-01 至 2018-04-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1701825&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: DISSERTATION; RESEARCH; Does; large; detritus

Storm water runoff can erode and transport high levels of sediment and nutrients to lakes. This export is especially pronounced in the Midwestern U.S., where large areas of agriculture have left exposed soils that easily wash away during storms. These large pulses of sediments and nutrients to lakes during storms can affect drinking water quality, recreational opportunities, and commercial and sport fishing. It is expected that storms in the Midwestern U.S. will increase in severity and frequency over the next 100 years. This Doctoral Dissertation Improvement Grant will provide funds to understand how lakes will respond to storms under these changing conditions. In addition, this project will directly support the research of one doctoral student, and will provide hands-on research opportunities for undergraduate students.This research will experimentally examine what factors contribute to lake ecosystem resilience following storm events, using replicated aquatic mesocosms (5000 liter tanks) that simulate conditions during large storm events in a lake. This research will answer three general questions: (1) Do larger detritus pools speed lake resilience (the time necessary for ecosystems to recover) following large storm events? (2) How do additions of sediment and nutrients that occur during large storm events affect lake recovery time? and (3) How do additions of sediment and nutrients and detritus pool size interactively affect lake resilience? The experiment will include manipulations of detritus pool size, hydraulic flushing (a physical disturbance that reduces the amount of algae), and addition of sediment and nutrients. A factorial design will be used to isolate the mechanisms that influence lake recovery following large storm events. Understanding how these factors interact is essential to understanding ecosystem resilience and for effective management of water quality in lakes and reservoirs.

暴雨径流可以侵蚀和运输大量的沉积物和营养物质到湖泊。这种出口在美国中西部尤为明显，大面积的农业使土壤暴露在外，在暴风雨中很容易被冲走。在风暴期间，这些沉积物和营养物质大量涌入湖泊，可能会影响饮用水质量、娱乐机会以及商业和体育捕鱼。预计在未来100年内，美国中西部的风暴将在严重程度和频率上增加。这个博士论文改进补助金将提供资金，以了解湖泊将如何在这些不断变化的条件下应对风暴。此外，本项目还将直接支持一名博士生的研究，并为本科生提供实践研究的机会。本研究将使用模拟湖泊大风暴事件期间条件的复制水生中生态系统（5000升水槽），通过实验研究哪些因素有助于风暴事件后湖泊生态系统的恢复力。这项研究将回答三个一般性问题：（1）较大的碎屑池是否会加速大风暴事件后的湖泊恢复力（生态系统恢复所需的时间）？(2)大风暴事件期间沉积物和营养物质的增加如何影响湖泊恢复时间？沉积物和营养盐的增加以及碎屑池的大小如何交互影响湖泊恢复力？实验将包括对碎屑池大小的操纵、水力冲洗（一种减少藻类数量的物理干扰）以及添加沉积物和营养物。析因设计将被用来隔离的机制，影响湖泊恢复大风暴事件。了解这些因素如何相互作用，对于了解生态系统的复原力和有效管理湖泊和水库的水质至关重要。