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Collaborative Research: Optimizing learning from chemistry simulations: Comparing attention allocation and learning outcomes for assignments with and without instructor screencasts

协作研究：优化化学模拟学习：比较有或没有教师截屏的作业的注意力分配和学习结果

基本信息

批准号：
1705365
负责人：
Deborah Herrington
金额：
$ 20.52万
依托单位：
Grand Valley State University
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
Standard Grant
财政年份：
2017
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2017-08-15 至 2022-07-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1705365&HistoricalAwards=false
关键词：
Collaborative Research Optimizing learning chemistry

项目摘要

Many college students struggle with learning chemistry, in part due to the inherent difficulty of visualizing and developing mental models of molecular level particle interactions that they cannot directly observe. To help students connect these molecular level particle behaviors with what they can observe at the macroscopic level, educators have developed computer-based simulations. Simulations of chemical systems allow students to observe scientific models of what happens at the molecular level when they change different variables. Such simulations are increasingly being incorporated into high school and college courses as they have been shown to positively impact students' conceptual understanding of chemistry. However, the research also indicates that students may misinterpret certain aspects of simulations and thus develop some incorrect ideas. This is a particularly important consideration with the increased popularity of online, blended, and flipped courses that use simulations to aid student learning outside of the classroom. A possible way to address this issue is to incorporate screencasts that consist of videos in which an instructor demonstrates how to use the simulations, focusing students on key features of the simulation environments and helping them interpret aspects of the simulations. By comparing students' understanding of key chemistry concepts before and after they complete such simulation-based assignments, as well as the ways in which students use different online resources, the project team will identify effective ways for students to use chemistry simulations outside of the classroom. The instructional materials developed by the project team - including guided assignments and screencasts to be used with chemistry simulations - will also be made freely available online.The primary objectives of this Improving Undergraduate STEM Education (IUSE:EHR) Exploration & Design project are to (1) develop a set of simulation-based assignments and associated screencasts using research-based design practices; (2) assess and compare student attention allocation and learning gains from the online resources via the different active learning methods (guided use of simulations and instructor-led screencasts); and (3) disseminate the materials and methods developed to chemistry instructors. To accomplish these goals, scaffolded assignments will be developed, to be used with pre-existing chemistry simulations, to focus students on attaining key learning goals common to many general chemistry courses. These assignments will be used as the basis for developing associated screencasts. An iterative design process will be used to develop high quality, validated materials. The project team will then compare student use of simulations with and without the instructor-led screencasts. In both conditions, students will work independently outside of class time to complete simulation-based assignments. In one condition (no screencast), students will complete an assignment in which written instructions guide them in manipulating the simulation. A second group of matched students will complete the same assignment by watching a screencast and manipulating the simulation. Eye tracking studies will be employed to better understand how students interact with the simulations and screencasts, how students use the resources to address questions in the assignments, and how students allocate their attention while completing the assignments. Student learning will be assessed through analyses of pre-/post-test gains; answers to open-ended questions; and near transfer tasks that will involve drawing molecular-level representations, producing graphs, or interpreting data. Research findings, and associated instructional materials developed, are expected to inform chemistry instructors regarding how to optimize student learning from simulations of molecular-level phenomena.

许多大学生在学习化学方面遇到了困难，部分原因是由于他们无法直接观察到分子水平粒子相互作用的视觉化和发展心理模型的固有困难。为了帮助学生将这些分子水平的粒子行为与他们在宏观水平上所能观察到的联系起来，教育工作者开发了基于计算机的模拟。化学系统的模拟使学生能够观察到当它们改变不同的变量时在分子水平上发生的科学模型。这种模拟越来越多地被纳入高中和大学课程，因为它们已被证明对学生对化学概念的理解有积极的影响。然而，研究也表明，学生可能会误解模拟的某些方面，从而产生一些错误的想法。随着在线、混合和翻转课程的日益流行，这是一个特别重要的考虑因素，这些课程使用模拟来帮助学生在课堂外学习。解决这个问题的一个可能的方法是结合由视频组成的屏幕演示，其中讲师演示如何使用模拟，将学生集中在模拟环境的关键特性上，并帮助他们解释模拟的各个方面。通过比较学生在完成模拟作业前后对关键化学概念的理解，以及学生使用不同在线资源的方式，项目团队将确定学生在课堂外使用化学模拟的有效方法。项目组开发的教学材料——包括用于化学模拟的指导性作业和视频——也将在网上免费提供。这个改进本科STEM教育（IUSE:EHR）探索与设计项目的主要目标是：(1)使用基于研究的设计实践开发一套基于模拟的作业和相关的屏幕视频；(2)评估和比较学生通过不同的主动学习方法（引导使用模拟和教师引导的屏幕视频）从在线资源中获得的注意力分配和学习收益；(3)将开发的材料和方法传播给化学教师。为了实现这些目标，我们将开发框架作业，与已有的化学模拟一起使用，使学生集中精力达到许多普通化学课程共同的关键学习目标。这些作业将作为开发相关视频的基础。迭代设计过程将用于开发高质量，经过验证的材料。然后，项目团队将比较学生在有和没有讲师引导的屏幕视频的情况下使用模拟。在这两种情况下，学生将在课外独立完成基于模拟的作业。在一种情况下（没有屏幕录像），学生将完成一项作业，其中有书面说明指导他们操纵模拟。第二组匹配的学生将通过观看视频和操纵模拟来完成同样的任务。眼动追踪研究将用于更好地了解学生如何与模拟和屏幕视频互动，学生如何使用资源来解决作业中的问题，以及学生在完成作业时如何分配注意力。学生的学习将通过分析测试前/测试后的收获来评估；回答开放式问题；以及接近转移的任务，包括绘制分子级表示，生成图形或解释数据。研究结果和相关的教学材料的开发，希望告知化学教师如何优化学生的学习，从模拟分子水平的现象。

项目成果

期刊论文数量（5）

专著数量（0）

科研奖励数量（0）

会议论文数量（0）

专利数量（0）

ChemSims: using simulations and screencasts to help students develop particle-level understanding of equilibrium in an online environment before and during COVID

ChemSims：使用模拟和截屏视频帮助学生在新冠疫情之前和期间对在线环境中的平衡进行粒子级理解

DOI：
10.1039/d2rp00063f
发表时间：
2022
期刊：
Chemistry Education Research and Practice
影响因子：
3
作者：
Herrington, Deborah G.;Hilborn, Shanna M.;Sielaff, Elizabeth N.;Sweeder, Ryan D.
通讯作者：
Sweeder, Ryan D.

Improving conceptual understanding of gas behavior through the use of screencasts and simulations

通过使用截屏视频和模拟提高对气体行为的概念理解

DOI：
10.1186/s40594-020-00261-0
发表时间：
2021
期刊：
International Journal of STEM Education
影响因子：
6.7
作者：
Martinez, Brianna L.;Sweeder, Ryan D.;VandenPlas, Jessica R.;Herrington, Deborah G.
通讯作者：
Herrington, Deborah G.

Supporting students’ conceptual understanding of kinetics using screencasts and simulations outside of the classroom

在课堂外使用截屏视频和模拟支持学生对动力学的概念性理解

DOI：
10.1039/c9rp00008a
发表时间：
2019
期刊：
Chemistry Education Research and Practice
影响因子：
3
作者：
Sweeder, Ryan D.;Herrington, Deborah G.;VandenPlas, Jessica R.
通讯作者：
VandenPlas, Jessica R.

Use of Simulations and Screencasts to Increase Student Understanding of Energy Concepts in Bonding

使用模拟和截屏视频来提高学生对粘合中能量概念的理解

DOI：
10.1021/acs.jchemed.0c00470
发表时间：
2021
期刊：
Journal of Chemical Education
影响因子：
3
作者：
VandenPlas, Jessica R.;Herrington, Deborah G.;Shrode, Alec D.;Sweeder, Ryan D.
通讯作者：
Sweeder, Ryan D.

Students’ Independent Use of Screencasts and Simulations to Construct Understanding of Solubility Concepts

学生独立使用截屏视频和模拟来构建对溶解度概念的理解