Reusing Non-Hazardous Industrial Waste in the U.S.: A Geo-Specific Estimate of Quantities and Benefits

1706097(切尔托)。无害的工业废物(NHIW)，如高炉炉渣、食品加工废物和木浆残渣，是生产过程中产生的，在大多数情况下，这些二次副产品可以作为主要原材料的有形替代品。生命周期研究表明，NHIW再利用是节约自然资源和大幅减少温室气体排放的可行战略。然而，要获取NHIW重用的最大可能好处，需要将NHIW生成、NHIW重用途径和高地理空间分辨率的系统设计的详细知识结合在一起。这种系统层面的NHIW知识以前在美国是没有的，但利用它将极大地增强国家的资源回收努力。该项目采用一种新颖的、数据驱动的方法来量化优化的NHIW再利用能够在多大程度上促进美国的资源效率更高和可持续的工业部门。该项目将：(1)以高地理空间分辨率描述全美的NHIW产生；(2)在匹配的空间分辨率下为当前的NHIW处置建立严格的基线；(3)设计模块以评估运输和不同的NHIW再利用路径的环境影响；(4)基于经验证据和地理-空间约束，评估NHIW再利用潜力和由此产生的环境效益。量化NHIW再利用的资源和气候影响，并在空间上对其进行检查，在三个方面具有更广泛的影响。首先，它为评估国家和国家的物质效率以及公共和私营部门行为者的温室气体排放目标提供了坚实的基础。其次，它使州和地方官员能够将有益的再利用作为城乡发展规划的常规和循证层面。第三，将根据该项目的结果创造宝贵的教育和外展机会，帮助从学童到寻求更多恢复和更少处置的工业领袖等感兴趣的各方。

1706097 (Chertow). Nonhazardous industrial waste (NHIW), such as blast furnace slag, food processing waste, and wood pulping residue, results from production processes, and these secondary by-product materials can be, in most cases, a tangible substitute for primary raw materials. Life cycle studies demonstrate that NHIW reuse is a viable strategy for conserving natural resources and achieving substantial reduction of greenhouse gas emissions. Capturing the largest possible benefits of NHIW reuse, however, requires bringing together detailed knowledge of NHIW generation, NHIW reuse pathways, and system design at a high geospatial resolution. This systems level knowledge of NHIW has not been available previously in the United States, yet utilizing it would greatly enhance the nation's resource recovery efforts. This project employs a novel, data-driven approach to quantify the extent to which optimized NHIW reuse can contribute to a more resource-efficient and sustainable industrial sector in the U.S. This project will: (1) delineate NHIW generation throughout the US at a high geo-spatial resolution; (2) establish a rigorous baseline for current NHIW disposition at a matching spatial resolution; (3) design modules to assess the environmental impacts of transportation and different NHIW reuse pathways; (4) evaluate NHIW reuse potential and resulting environmental benefits based on empirical evidence andgeo-spatial constraints. Quantifying resource and climate impacts of NHIW reuse and examining it spatially has broader impacts on three fronts. First, it offers a sturdy foundation for assessing state and national material efficiency and GHG emissions targets for public and private sector actors. Second, it enables state and local officials to consider beneficial reuse as a routine, evidence-based dimension of urban and rural development planning. Third, valuable educational and outreach opportunities will be created based on the findings of this project that will assist interested parties from school children to industrial leaders seeking to recover more and dispose less.